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Taxonomy Ch23
N/A
16
Biochemistry
Undergraduate 1
01/14/2015

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Term
Systematics (it's in the name)
Definition
The reconstruction and study of evolutionary relationships.
Term
Derived
Definition
Distinguished similarities among species that are inherited from the most common ancestor of an entire group.
Term
Shared derived characters
Definition
Considered informative in determining evolutionary relationships.
Term
Cladistics
Definition
Taxonomic technique used for creating hierarchies of organisms that represent true phylogenic relationship and decent
Term
Phylogeny (ancestor)
Definition
Evolutionary tree, using similarity and differences.
Term
Character states
Definition
1 of 2 or more distinguishable forms of a character
Term
taxon or taxa
Definition
species or higher level groups
Term
polarize
Definition
To determine if similar traits are ancestral or derived.
Term
outgroup (outgroup comparison is the method)
Definition
When a species or a group of species is closely related to, but not a member of, the group under study is designated this,
Term
Cladogram
Definition
A system that depicts a hypothesis of evolutionary relationships
Term
Clade
Definition
Species that share a common ancestor, as indicated by the possession of shared derived characters
Term
synapomorphy
Definition
A derived character shared by clade members
Term
plesiomorphies
Definition
ancestral states
Term
symplesimorphies
Definition
shared ancestral states
Term
homoplasy
Definition
a shared character state that has not been inherited from a common ancestor exhibiting that character state.
Term
Principle of parsimony
Definition
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