Term
|
Definition
-development of the graffian follicle
-granulosa cells proliferate
-follicle enlarges and forms fluid filled antrum
-ovulation occurs when follicle ruptures |
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Term
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Definition
After ovulation, the remaining granulosa, thecal, and stromal cells fill in the collapsed cavity of the follicle, forming the corpus luteum.
-the granulosa and thecal cells diferentiate into luteal cells
-corpus luteum regresses after 2 weeks, unless fertilization occurs |
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Term
| What are the primary ovarian hormones? |
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Definition
| progesterone, 17beta estradiol, and estrone |
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Term
| What does the aromatase complex do? |
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Definition
| it converts testosterone into estrone or 17beta estradiol |
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Term
| How are FSH and LH stimulated? |
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Definition
| GnRH from the hypothalamus |
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Term
| What does FSH do once stimulated? |
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Definition
Synthesizes estrogens by the granulosa cells
FSH and estrogens upregulate LH receptor expression on the granulosa cells
Increasing quantities of estrogen stimulate the pituitary to release more LH |
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Term
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Definition
Stimulates thecal cell production of testosterone and androstenedione
Also stimulates the granulosa cells to secrete more progesterone, which is taken up by the thecal cells and converted to more androgens |
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Term
| What happens to LH and FSH during ovulation? |
|
Definition
There is an LH surge 16 hr before ovulation.
There is a modest increase in FSH
The increased LH causes the increased prostaglandin synthesis, conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone and loss of aromatase activity. This ultimately results in decreased estrogen production |
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Term
| What happens to LH and FSH during the luteal phase? |
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Definition
LH stimulates development of corpus luteum, which requires differentiation of granulosa and thecal cells into luteal cells.
LH stimulates the secretion of progesterone and some estrogen by the corpus luteum |
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Term
| What happens if fertilization does not occur? |
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Definition
| The presence of estrogen with elevated progesterone inhibits GnRH release from the hypothalamus. This diminishes LH and FSH secretion by the pituitary. The corpus luteum regresses. |
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Term
| The proliferative phase of the endometrium correlates with what phase in the menstrual cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| The secretory phase correlates with what phase of the menstrual cycle? |
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Definition
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