Term
| What is the average tissue, mixed venous blood, alveolar, and atmospheric CO2 partial pressures? |
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Definition
tissue - 50 mm Hg
mixed venous - 46 mm Hg
alveolar - 40 mm Hg
atmospheric - 0.23 mm Hg |
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Term
| Why can we transport almost as much CO2 as O2 per unit time when CO2 has a much lower pressure gradient in the alveoli than O2? |
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Definition
| CO2 is 20 times more soluble than oxygen at the same temperature and pressure |
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Term
| What is the transport mechanism responsible for the greatest amount of CO2? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what ways does carbon dioxide travel in the blood? |
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Definition
Dissolved - represents a small amount of the total gas transported
Carbamino compounds - formed by the combination of CO2 with amino acids and plasma proteins (hemoglobin)
Bicarbonate - transports the greatest amount of CO2; accomplished with carbonic anhydrase |
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Term
| What is the Hamburger shift? |
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Definition
The movement of the bicarbonate anion is coupled to a chloride-bicarbonate cotransport system which moves chloride ion into the erythrocyte in exchange for the bicarbonate
Takes place within tissue |
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Term
| What is the Haldane Effect? |
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Definition
| As oxygen leaves a hemoglobin molecule, there is an increase in the affinity of hemoglobin for CO2 |
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