Term
CORE ASTERIDS (Euasterids)
Flowers:
Stamens:
Ovary:
Dominant flower type: |
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Definition
Flowers 4- or 5- merous w/ sympetalous corollas, zygomorphic// Stamens equal to no. of corolla lobes or fewer, epipetalous// compound ovary (mostly 2 carpels) LACKING a seperate hypanthium, but nectar bearing disk often present// head inflorescence is dominant.
MOST ADVANCED GROUP |
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Term
Solanales: 7 families, 7400spp. closely related to Lamiales & Gentiales
Features: |
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Definition
Major Families: Solanaceae/Convolvulaceae
(internal phloem) // Boraginaceae-Hydrophyllaceae (helicoid cymes)// Features: Flowers with radial/plicate (plaited or folded) corolla, alt. simple exstipulate leaves, flowers w/ stamens equal to # of petals, lack of iridoids |
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Term
Solanaceae 147 Genera 4930 spp.
Diagnostic features: |
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Definition
| Diverse habit (trees, herbs, shrubs, vines) Internal phloem, lvs alternate, often in pairs (on same side of stem), no stipules |
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Term
Solanaceae:
Flowers:
Petals, stamen, carpels, fruit |
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Definition
Corolla - rotate, funnelform, tubular, salverform, sometimes campanulate
STAMENS epipetalous, often connivent (convergent but not fused), equal to or less than number of corolla lobes GYNOECIUM: G2:2:many, axile placentation, often 1 or 2 lobed, FRUIT a capsule or berry, often with persistent calyx. |
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Term
| SOLANACEAE economic uses: |
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Definition
Lycopersicon esculentum - TOMATO
Solanum tuberosum - POTATO
Solanum melongena - EGGPLANTS Capsicum spp. - PEPPERS Physalis philadelphica - TOMATILLO (used in mexican cooking)
Nicotiana Tabaccum - TOBACCO
Datura - jimsonweed
// belladonna, henbane, mandrake= all sources of hallucinogenic compounds: atropane alkaloids: atropine, scopolamine, hyoscyamine ATROPA gen. |
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Term
| SOLANACEAE economic uses (ornamental) |
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Definition
| Petunia, brugmansia, physalis |
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Term
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Definition
CESTROIDEAE: Nicotiana, Petunia/ straight to slightly bent embryos, nearly globose seeds, capsules.
SOLANOIDEAE: Solanaum, capsicum, lycianthes datura, physalis, lycium, atropa, mandragora/ curved embryos, flatterned, discoidal seeds, capsules, berries ¡Nolanoideae¡ sometimes recognized for deeply lobed ovary and gynobasic style |
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Term
| SOLANACEAE Phylogenetic analyses |
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Definition
CESTROIDEAE constitue a basal paraphyletic complex (6 subfamilies) and zygomorphic flowers evolved several times in complex.
SOLANOIDEAE is monophyletic. Nolana nests within Solanoideae.
SOLANUM is largest genus and only monophyletic if Lycopersicon and Cyphomandra are included. |
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Term
GENTIANALES: Apocynaceae, Rubiaceae, Gentinaceae, Loganiaceae
FEATURES: |
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Definition
| Stipules/stipular lines, Collecters (multicellular trichomes producing sticky, mucilaginous, or resinous secretion), opposite leaves |
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Term
APOCYNACEAE incl. asclepiadaceae
HABIT, LEAVES, CORONA, CARPELS, FRUIT |
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Definition
Various habits w/ internal phloem & milky sap present; various cardiac glycosides and various alkaloids.// *leaves* usu. opposite(spiral or whorled) entire, pinnate venation, stipules reduced or lacking, collecters usually @ base of petiole. *CORONA* staminal outgrowths often present, petal-like, hood-shaped, horn shaped *carpels* connate by style or stigma only. Apical portion of style expanded into a head, fruits paired, 1 or 2 follicles, berry, drupe, seeds flat often w/ tuft of hairs
GYNOSTEGIUM: stamens fused to the gynoecium forming a single structure, pollen agglutinated into pollinia. |
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Term
| APOCYNACEAE Economic importance: |
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Definition
nearly all genera are poisonous, many have medicinal uses: Catharanthus (madagascar periwinkle- antileukemia drugs) Rauvolfia - hypertension drug, Strophanthus - drugs for heart ailments
*ORNAMENTALS* Amsonia, Asclepias, Carissa, Hoya, Nerium, Vinca |
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Term
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Definition
| Opposite or whorled leaves, entire w/ interpetiolar stipules. Fruit a capsule, berry, drupe, schizocarp, indehiscent pod. Cinchona* source of quinine: treats malaria: actinomorphic flowers, 4- or 5- merous, inferior ovary. G2-5 |
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