Term
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Definition
| Rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma |
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Definition
| Rock formed from materials deposited from solution (limestone) |
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Definition
| Igneous or Sedimentary rock that was changed due to heat and pressure into a new rock. |
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Term
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Definition
| The chromatic gradation (color) of light that reaches the eye |
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Term
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Definition
| The degree of lightness or darkness in a color |
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Term
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Definition
| The strength or purity of a given color |
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Term
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Definition
| A grouping of different kinds of soils into special units according to their best uses. |
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Term
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Definition
| Law that describes the relationship between the size of a particle and how fast it falls through a liquid, used to determine clay % |
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Term
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Definition
| Broad unclassified horizons There are O, A, B, E, C, and, R horizons |
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Term
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Definition
| Horizons having specific soil characteristics that are indicative of certain classes of soils. Diagnostic Horizons at the soil surface are called Epipedons, those below the surface are called Endopedons. |
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Term
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Definition
| Diagnostic Surface Horizon of mineral soil characterized by dark color and a lot of organic material |
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Term
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Definition
| Diagnostic Horizon characterized by too low organic material and too light of color to be Mollic or Umbric. |
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Term
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Definition
| Diagnostic Horizon characterized by all the signs of a mollic epipedon but is not as wet. |
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Term
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Definition
| Subsurface diagnostic Horizon characterized by large buildup of clay. |
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Term
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Definition
| Subsurface diagnostic horizon characterized by Iron oxides that have already been reduced and therefore have lost their red color or the iron has been removed |
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Term
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Definition
| A diagnostic horizon characterized by the accumulation of aluminum and organic matter with or without iron |
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Term
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Definition
| Diagnostic subsurface horizon characterized by the absence of primary minerals and the presence of insoluble minerals |
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Term
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Definition
| Diagnostic subsurface horizon characterized by a continuous calcic layer with an impenetrable layer of calcium carbonate |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of deposition of material from one horizon to another |
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Term
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Definition
| The removal of minerals from a layer in the soil (Leeching) |
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Term
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Definition
| The arrangement of primary soil particles into groups called peds |
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Term
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Definition
| Unit of soil structure, smallest unit (clump or clod) |
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Term
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Definition
| The smallest volume that can be called a soil |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of pedons that must all belong to the same soil series |
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Term
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Definition
| Soil created by sediment being deposited by streams |
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Term
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Definition
| soil in which the particles are deposited by gravity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Windblown soil comprised of primarily silt |
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Term
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Definition
| Mass per Unit of Volume of a dry soil. measurement includes volume of pores. |
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Term
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Definition
| This is mass per unit of volume for a soil. This measurement does not include pores only soil itself. |
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Term
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Definition
| Percent of volume taken up by pores. |
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Term
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Definition
| S=f(Cl,o,r,p,t) or soil = (Climate, organisms, rise, parent material, and time) |
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Term
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Definition
Transformations: Soil is chemically altered or changed
Trans locations: Movement to some other location in the soil
Additions: Material added to soil
Losses: Loss of materials to weathering and groundwater |
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Term
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Definition
| Layer of soil usually parallel to horizon that is different from other layers around it |
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Term
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Definition
| Allows for description and classification of soils based on texture |
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Term
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Definition
| A soil exhibiting grey or green colors from iron depletion |
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Term
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Definition
Weak if little development, new soil
Look for: Aqu(ent)s |
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Term
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Definition
Few Diagnostic features, relatively new soil, DOES have a B horizon
Look For: Aqu(ept)s |
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Term
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Definition
Volcanic Ash soil, unique set of andic properties
Look for: Cry(and)s |
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Term
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Definition
Permafrost and frozen soil that go under cryoturbation or stirring of soils by ice
Look for: Turb(el)s |
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Term
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Definition
Organic soils with little weathering due to anaerobic conditions such as peat fields of canada
Look For: Fibr(ist)s |
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Term
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Definition
Dry Desert Soils characterized by an ochric epipedon that is light in color and low on organic material
Look for: Arg(id)s |
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Term
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Definition
Dark Clay-ey soil that shrinks when dry and swells when wet
Look for: Ud(ert)s |
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Term
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Definition
Dark Soft soil, common in grasslands containing vast amounts of organic matter
Look For: Aqu(oll)s |
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Term
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Definition
Argillic or Natric horizon, Moderately leached, third most weathered soil
Look for: Aqu(alf)s |
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Term
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Definition
Argillic horizon, very weathered and leached more weathered and acidic than alfisol but not as much as spodosol
Look For: Aqu(ult)s |
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Term
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Definition
Acidic, Sandy, Forest soils. Spodic horizon coniferous trees of canada
Look For: Aqu(od)s |
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Term
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Definition
Oxic Horizon, highly weathered found in deep jungle like amazon, lots of iron oxide makes soil red.
Look For: Aqu(ox) |
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