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| McCollum v. Board of Education |
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| Public schools held religious classes. These classes, like other classes, were paid by taxes. People protested that their tax money could not be used to teach religion in public school because it violated the 1st amendment. The Supreme Court decided that, no, the tax money could not be used for that class. |
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| A girl is caught smoking in a bathroom. The principle searches her purse and finds various drug products. She complains that the school did not have the right to search her bag because the 4th amendment protected her from search and seizure. The court decided that the school was allowed to search her bag, even with reasonable suspicion instead of probable cause. |
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| Bible reading was mandatory in some Pennsylvanian public schools. Parents argued that this act violated the 1st amendment right of freedom of religion. The court agreed, saying that Bible reading in public schools violated the 1st amendment. |
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| Matt Frase used sexual metaphors in a speach in a school-wide assembly and was suspended. He argued that the 1st amendment gave him the right of speech and that he shouldn't have had the suspension. The courts disagreed with him, saying that the school had the right to punish him for offensive language. |
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| Public schools authorized non-denominational prayer at the beginning of each school day. Parent protested, saying that it violated the freedom of religion in the 1st amendment. The courts agreed with them, and forbid the prayer at the schools. |
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| Nixon would not let the NYT print classified information in their newspaper. They protested saying that the 1st amendment gave the the right of the press. The Supreme Court agreed with them, saying that Nixon could not stop the NYT from printing any information. |
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| A moment of silent prayer was held at the beginning of each school day in Alabama. Parents complained, stating that the schools could not have that silent prayer because it violated the 1st amendment right of freedom of religion. The court agreed, stating that the schools could not require silent prayer. |
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| A woman in Texas wanted an abortion, but the state of Texas would not allow her to because her life was not in danger. She argued that she had the right to an abortion even though she was not at risk. The court ruled that woman had the right to choose an abortion. |
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| A man accidentally killed another when in the act of robbing a house. He was sentanced to death. He argued that the death penaly violated the 8th amendment of cruel and unsual punishment. The court disagreed and said that the death penalty did not violate the 8th amendment. |
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| Police are searching a house for a fugitive when they accidentally find illegal pornography. They take the pornography to court to use against the defendent. The defendent argues that since they didn't have a warrant to find porn, they couldn't use it as evidence. The Supreme Court agreed with her, stating that they could not use the pornography against her. |
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| A man is arrested for robbery and murder and sentance to death. Argues that death penalty goes against the 8th amendment. The court disagrees, saying that the death penalty is acceptable. |
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| During WWII, a law is passed that restricts people from speaking out against the government, in an effort to reduce fighting and riots. People protested, saying that they had a right to the freedom of speech. The court argued that free speech can be limited when it represented as a danger to the safety of the people. |
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| A man was interrogated for commiting a crime, but never told about his right to remain silent and the right to not testify against himself. He protested that he couldn't be convicted because he wasn't told his rights. The Supreme Court agreed, leading to the birth of the term "Miranda rights." |
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| A man broke into a pool, caught, and arrested. He could not afford a lawyer and was not appointed one, so he lost his case. He argued that he had the right to counsel even if he couldn't afford it. The court agreed with him and said that every man should have the right to counsel. |
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| Three students wore black armbands to protest the Vietnam War. They were suspended. The said that that act violated their freedom of speech and petition, given in the 1st amendment. The court agreed and said that the school could not restrict the wearing of the arm bands. |
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| A school newspaper wanted to print complaints about the school's administration. The principle restricted the material to be printed. The newspaper protested, saying that they had the right to print whatever they wanted to. The Supreme court decided against them, saying that the principle has the right to regulate what is printed in a school newspaper. |
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| A man burns the US flag in protest to something. He is arrested. Says that he has a right to do that, protected by the 1st amendment. The court agreed, saying that he had the right to protest in that manner. |
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| President Nixon would not allow audio tapes of conversations in the Oval Office to be used as evidence against him during the Watergate scandal. The court said that he could not restrict the tapes to be used as evidence. |
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| Louisiana passed a law for segregated trains. Plessy, who was 7/8 white, sat in the white section. He was forced to move. Was the segregation of the train legal? Yes, the court said, referring to the term, "separate but equal". |
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| Brown v. Board of Education |
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| Schools were segregated (separate but equal). Was the segregation of schools legal? The court said no, segregation was not OK. |
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| Heart of Atlanta Motel v. US |
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| The Heart of Atlanta Motel denied African-Americans from entering their hotel. The court said that they could not descriminate based on race. |
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| The NeoNazis wanted to rally in Skokie, IL, a highly Jewish community. The town wouldn't let them rally. The court said that they could rally. |
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