Term
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Definition
| No legal definition. Not regulated. Has the ability to promote health and prevents disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| Anti-microbial to extent shelf life. Blueberries have non-synthetic parabens. Xenoestrogens (mimic estrogen) known to promote/cause breast cancer and are frequently found in breat cancer tumors. |
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Term
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Definition
| Can’t be metabolized in liver. Made from petroleum. foaming agent found in soaps. Used in carwashes and degreasing. |
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Term
| Flavonoids (definition & 9 health benefits) |
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Definition
Large family of polyphenolic compounds synthesized by plants connected to one or more sugar molecules (flavonoid glycoside). Plant pigments. Often found in nature with vitamin C. Vary according to ripeness of plant and plant species.
Help with:
Immune system, cardiovascular issues, cancer prevention, antimicrobial, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, joint health, protection against oxidative damage, capillary strengthening |
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Term
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Definition
Plasticizers; found in perfumes, fingernail polish, toys. Effects fertility (of males). CDC did a study, almost everybody had phthalates, especially women of child bearing years. Said to be carcinogenic.
Not required to be listed on label. CIR = no health risk. In spray perfumes with alcohol base to help perfume penetrate skin =on to blood stream, may be listed as fragrance. |
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Term
| New dietary ingredient and NDI Draft Guidance |
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Definition
Any dietary ingredient marketed after 10/15/94
FDA must be notified of new ingredient & demonstrate why it “is reasonably expected to be safe” |
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Term
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Definition
| Vital to life. The first word for vitamin. |
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Term
| Benefits of dry vitamin E |
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Definition
| for individuals with allergies, and it may be easier to absorb |
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Term
| What are the requirements on a botanical label? Is there anything you would add? |
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Definition
| Ratio of weight of starting material and solvent. Latin name of herb, state what solvent was used. Currently manufacturers don’t have to put solvents that evaporate on the label. |
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Term
| What claims can homeopathic products make and why? |
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Definition
| They are treated more like pharmacy drugs, where they are allowed to make claims. They were grandfathered in. |
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Term
| Why be concerned about body care ingredients? |
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Definition
Parabens and Pthalates have health concerns associated with them (IE: known to be carcinogenic)
These toxic components can stay in the body for a long time and some are carcinogenic. |
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Term
| Functions of the skin (4) |
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Definition
| Physical protection, elimination, thermal regulation, immunity (x2 T-cells in the skin) |
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Term
| Which subclass of flavonoids is the most bioavailable; the least bioavailable? |
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Definition
| isoflavones are the most bioavailable group of flavonoids, while flavanols (proanthocyanidins and tea catechins) and anthocyanins are very poorly absorbed |
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Term
12. Describe how the brain handles multi-tasking, ie switching tasks. Which part of
the brain is responsible for this process? |
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Definition
Frontal lobe.
All studies show that multi-tasking impairs performance
Multi-taskers lack filtering ability
Multi-taskers lack ability to manage working memory and keep it organized
Multi-taskers are slower and worse at switching from one task to another |
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Term
| What are the labeling requirements for soap and for other body care products? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| FDA can send warning letters, fines, bring them to court and remove the product. |
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Term
| Which form of B3 is effective for raising HDL? How does it compare with statins? |
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Definition
| Nicotinic acid. Statins lower LDL, but do not raise HDL |
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Term
| What is meant by dose dependent for vitamin D? Give examples |
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Definition
| Amount of something that you take is different for large amounts than smaller amounts. Osteoporosis, heart disease. These people need larger amounts to see a benefit to it. |
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Term
| Briefly explain resolvins and protectins. How are omega-3 fatty acids involved in this process? |
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Definition
| Resolvins: E-series from EPA. Protectins: D-series from DHA. Created by series of reactions. Potent anti-inflammatory actions via macrophages, dentritic cells, T-cells & decreased neutrophil infiltration. transcription factors in inflammation gene expression. Influence cytokine production. Newly discovered 18S series in human serum. 2 pathways |
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Term
| Compare omega-3’s and prozac for depression. |
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Definition
| EPA alone and prozac equally effective. When taken together they were really effective. |
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Term
| What did a Department of Defense (DOD) study find about omega-3s? |
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Definition
| They significantly reduced the chance of suicide occurring. |
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Term
| What would be your recommendation about DHA & pregnancy? Why? |
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Definition
| Take it during pregnancy; it is essential for eye and brain development. |
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Term
| What is the decline effect of scientific studies? Give 3 reasons this might be explained. How much credence do you put in scientific studies? Support your answer. |
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Definition
Further study that get less powerful results.
Publication bias. Size of the study. Scientific bias. Chasing data, seeing what you want in the data. Sheer randomness. New evidence. Pressure of publishing or pressure of money. |
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Term
| 29. What is the placebo effect? How might it work? What do you think about the placebo effect? Support your opinion with examples or facts. |
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Definition
| Provides mental calm to someone and helps them get better. Power of suggestion, endorphins, attention of good doctor. |
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