Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Study Guide
Outline for Ch. 1
86
Science
Undergraduate 1
09/19/2014

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Developmental Anatomy
Definition
studying structural changes from conception to adulthood
Term
Embryology
Definition
the study of a subspeciality of developmental anatomy, considers changes from conception to the end of 8 wks of development
Term
Cytology
Definition
the study of celular structure
Term
A histologist studies
Definition
studies the anatomical structure of tissue
Term
Gross Anatomy
Definition
the study of structures that can be examined without the aid of a microscope
Term
Systemic Anatomy
Definition
studying one body system at a time
Term
Regional Anatomy
Definition
Studies all structures contained in the arm
Term
Surface Anatomy
Definition
the study of the external form of the body and its relation to deeper structure
Term
Anatomical imaging
Definition
creating pictures of internal body structures
Term
cell physiologist
Definition
studies the process occurring in cells
Term
systemic physiology
Definition
an example that studies how the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines function together to digest food
Term
Anatomy
Definition
studies the structure
Term
physiology
Definition
studies the function or process
Term
Chemical level
Definition
atoms combine to form molecules
Term
Atoms
Definition
are basic components of chemical level
Term
molecules
Definition
are the basic components that are joined together to form chemical level
Term
cell level
Definition
basic unit of structural and functional units of plants and animals
Term
organelles
Definition
Made up of small structures
Term
tissue level
Definition
composed of a group of similar cells and the material surrounding them.
Term
4 basic types of tissues
Definition
epithelial, muscle, connective, nervous
Term
organ level
Definition
composed of 2 or more tissues types that perform one or more common functions
Term
Organ System Level
Definition
composed of a group of organs that together perform a common function or set of functions and are therefore viewed as a unit
Term
organism level
Definition
in humans a complex of organ systems all mutually dependent on one another
Term
Organization
Definition
Large molecules are organized into organelles which in turn form cells.
Term
Metabolism
Definition
consist of all of the chemical reactions taking place in organism
Term
Responsiveness
Definition
Sense changes in it external or internal environment and adjusts to the changes
Term
Growth
Definition
Due to cells increasing in size or numbers of cells
Term
Development
Definition
includes the changes an organism undergoes through time
Term
differntiation
Definition
A primitive cell becoming specialized for vision
Term
morphogenesis
Definition
Body changes that occur at puberty
Term
Reproduction
Definition
Involves formation of new cells or new organism
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
the existence and maintenance of relatively constant environment with in the body
Term
variable
Definition
Body conditions that change over time
Term
set point
Definition
The normal value for a body condition
Term
normal range
Definition
Body conditions are not constant but vary within
Term
Negative
Definition
any deviation from the set point is made smaller or is resisted
Term
Negative feedback
Definition
maintaining homeostasis that involves deviation from the set point.
may have 3 components: receptor, control center, and effector
Term
receptor
Definition
The deviation being detected
Term
control center
Definition
The deviation being analyzed
Term
effector
Definition
moves the variable back toward the set point
Term
positive feedback
Definition
responses are not homeostatic and are rare in healthy individuals.
Term
Positive
Definition
a deviation from set point causes to deviate even greater
Term
anatomic position
Definition
a person standing erect with the face directed forward, the upper limbs hanging to the sides, and the palms of hands facing foward
Term
supine
Definition
laying down on your back
Term
prones
Definition
laying down on your stomach
Term
superior
Definition
up or above ↑
Term
inferior
Definition
down or below ↓
Term
anterior
Definition
proper anatomical term for front
Term
posterior
Definition
proper anatomical term for back
Term
cephalic
Definition
is synonymous with superior ↑
Term
caudal
Definition
is synonymous with inferior
Term
ventral surface
Definition
In humans the term refers to the belly
Term
dorsal surface
Definition
In humans the term refers to the back
Term
proximal
Definition
The end of a structure nearest to the point of origin
Term
distal
Definition
The end of a structure farther from the point of origin
Term
medial
Definition
A structure closer to the midline of the body
Term
lateral
Definition
A structure farther from the midline of the body
Term
superficial
Definition
Structures near the body surface
Term
deep
Definition
Structures that are in the interior of the body
Term
arm
Definition
The body from the shoulder to the elbow
Term
forearm
Definition
The body from the elbow to the wrist
Term
thigh
Definition
The body from the hip to the knee
Term
leg
Definition
The body from the knee to the ankle
Term
sagittal plane
Definition
vertical plane divides the body into right and left portions
Term
mediane plane
Definition

vertical plane divides the body into equal right and left halves

 

Term
transverse plane
Definition

plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions

(horizontally)

Term
frontal
Definition
vertical plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
Term
longitudinal section
Definition
Cutting through the long axis of an organ
Term
transverse section
Definition
Cutting at right angles to the long axis of an organ
Term
oblique section
Definition
is created by a cut made across the long axis at other than right angle
Term
Thoracic Cavity
Definition
Located: the rib cage surrounding
Term
medinstinum
Definition
Median portion
Term
lungs
Definition
are found on either side of the median portion
Term
abdominal cavity
Definition
enclosed by abdominal muscles. Contains the stomach, the intestines, the liver, the spleen, pancreas and the kidneys.
Term
pelvic cavity
Definition
enclosed by pelvic bone encase the small space. Contains the urinary bladder, parts of the large intestine and internal reproductive organs.
Term
abdominopelvic cavity
Definition
refers to the abdominal and pelvic cavities
Term
serous membranes
Definition
lines the trunk cavities and covers the organs within these cavities
Term
Visceral serous membrane
Definition
will be found covering the organ
Term
Parietal serous membrane
Definition
will be found outer part
Term
. Between serous membranes
Definition
is the visceral and parietal serous membranes which is normally filled with a thin, lubricating film of serous fluid produced by the membrane.
Term
pericardial cavity
Definition
is found surrounding the heart in the thoracic cavity
Term
pleural cavity
Definition
is found in each lung film of serous fluid produced by the membranes
Term
peritoneal cavity
Definition
is found in the abdominopelvic cavity
Term
Mesenteries
Definition
Composed of 2 layers of peritoneum fused together.
It connects the visceral peritoneum of some abdominopelvic organs to the parietal peritoneum
Term
Functionally mesenteries
Definition
anchor the organs, the body wall, and provides a pathway for nerves and blood vessels to reach the organs.
Term
retroperitoneal
Definition
Organs that are directly attached to the body wall and covered only with a parietal peritoneum
Supporting users have an ad free experience!