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| an embryonic cartilaginous element from which the vertebrae form. |
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| The Skull; part enclosing the brain |
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| Also known as Cartilage Replacement Bone; Forms first from mesoderm as cartilage, then becomes ossified |
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| Forms directly as bone in the dermis (layer of skin; dermis forms mostly from mesoderm) |
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- Endochondral Bone (Begins as cartilage)
- Underlying support for brain
- Forms the "floor" of the braincase
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- Endochondral Bone (begins as cartilage)
- Originated as pharyngeal skeleton
- Cartilaginous arches (may ossify)
- Support gills --> Jaws
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- Dermal Bone
- Almost completely encases brain and jaws in reptiles and mammals
- Lacking in shark (all cartilage)
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| an eellike, jawless vertebrate with a round sucking mouth, formerly included in a group with the lampreys and hagfishes. |
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| a group of primitive jawless vertebrates that includes the lampreys, hagfishes, and many fossil fishlike forms. |
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| an animal that possesses a skull |
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| an animal of a large group distinguished by the possession of a backbone or spinal column, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes. |
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| a rigid external covering for the body in some invertebrate animals, esp. arthropods, providing both support and protection. |
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| an internal skeleton, such as the bony or cartilaginous skeleton of vertebrates. |
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| A species (or larger group) that's no longer with us |
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| an external respiratory opening |
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