Term
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Definition
| The stimulation of sense organs |
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Term
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Definition
| The selection, organization, and interpretation of sensory input |
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Term
| How do sensation and perception differ? |
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Definition
| Sensation involves the absorption of energy, such as light or sound waves, by sensory organs, i.e. eyes and ears. Perception involves organizing and translating sensory input into something meaningful. |
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Term
| What is the Visible Spectrum? |
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Definition
| Only a slim portion of the total range of wavelengths; between Ultra-violet rays and Infrared rays |
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Term
| What are the visual receptors in the eye? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do rods and cones differ? |
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Definition
| Cones play a key tole in daylight vision and color; rods play a key role in night vision and peripheral vision |
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Term
| How is the neural impulse created in the eye? |
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Definition
| Light is received and the image taken to the brain |
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Term
| What are feature detectors in the visual cortex? |
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Definition
| The features detector; neurons that respond selectively to very specific features of more complex stimuli |
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Term
| What is a perceptual set? |
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Definition
| A readiness to perceive a stimulus in a particular way |
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Term
| How does bottom-up processing seem to work? |
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Definition
| A progression from individual elements to the whole |
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Term
| How does Top-down processing work? |
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Definition
| A progression from the whole to the elements |
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Term
| What is a perceptual constancy? |
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Definition
| A tendency to experience a stable perception in the face of continually changing sensory input |
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Term
| What kinds of perceptual constancies do we seem to have? |
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Definition
| Stable size, shape, brightness, hue(color), and location in space |
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Term
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Definition
| The eletroencephalograh; a device that monitors the electrical activity of the brain over time by means of recording electrodes attached to the surface of the scalp |
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Term
| What is a circadian rhythm? |
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Definition
| Are the 24-hour biological cycles found in humans and many other species |
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Term
| What is the purpose of a circadian rhythm? |
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Definition
| Influence daily cycles also produce rhythmic variations in blood pressure, urine production, hormone secretion, and other physical functions |
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Term
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Definition
| A hormone secreted by the pineal gland that inhibits melanin formation and may regulate the reproductive cycle |
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Term
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Definition
| Controls wake and sleep cycles in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| A deep stage of sleep marked by rapid eye movements, high-frequency brain waves, and dreaming |
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Term
| What seems to go on in REM sleep? |
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Definition
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Term
| What general trends seem to occur in sleep patterns as people age? |
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Definition
| The cycles of both REM and NREM sleep get shorter, in affect making the whole sleep cycle shorter |
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Term
| Why do we seem to need REM and slow-wave sleep? |
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Definition
| It helps rejuvenate the body and help with memories of the previous day |
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Term
| What kinds of health consequences can you have from sleep deprivation? |
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Definition
| Sickness, different sleep disorders, long or short term memory problems, and in serious cases death |
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Term
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Definition
| A disease marked by sudden and irresistible onsets of sleep during normal waking periods |
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Term
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Definition
| A sleeping disorder categorized by frequent reflex gasping for air that awakens the sleeper and disrupts sleep |
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Term
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Definition
| A progressive decrease in a person's responsiveness to a drug |
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Term
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Definition
| They channel light to the neural tissue that receives it |
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Term
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Definition
| The transparent eye structure that focuses the light rays falling on the retina |
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Term
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Definition
| The opening in the center of the iris that helps regulate the amount of light passing into the rear chamber of the eye |
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Term
| What was Sigmund Freud's theory on dreams? |
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Definition
| Three main states are concious, precocious, and unconscious; dreams helped solve problems |
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Term
| What is the Cognitive Theory? |
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Definition
| You problem solve while dreaming |
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Term
| What is Activation Synthesis? |
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Definition
| Dreaming represents random thoughts by the pons that gradually go to the higher brain |
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Term
| What are the five Gestalt Principals? |
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Definition
| Proximity, similarity, closure, simplicity, and continuity |
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Term
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Definition
| They are an eye muscle that adjust visual sharpness |
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