Northwest Ordinance 1787

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•      Created an organized system for settlement of government lands in the Northwest Territory

•      Had to be at least 5,000 men who owned at least 50 acres

•      60,000 people

•      An existing form of self-government 

1803 – 1850

Manifest Destiny – belief that it was the destiny of the United States to expand its borders from “sea to sea” across the North American continent

Major Elements

of Manifest Destiny

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•Westward Expansion

•  War with Mexico

•  Annexation of Texas Gold Rush

Economic, Political,

and Social Roots of Manifest Destiny

•  Economic:

–   New land for farmers

–   New trade routes and markets (Santa Fe Trail)

–   New opportunities to start a business

•    Political

–   Expansion of our nation’s borders/territories

–   Expansion of slavery

•    Social

–   Removal of Native Americans

–  Refuge for persecuted groups (Mormons)

Relationship Between the Concept of Manifest Destiny

and the Westward Growth of the Nation

The United States government and its citizens believed that the nation’s destiny or fate was to expand westward from sea to sea

Causes of the
United States-Mexican War       

1. Annexation of Texas
2.    Viewed as a “War of Aggression” by many Americans
3.  Causes:

• President Polk’s desire to expand the United States (Manifest Destiny)
• Border disputes concerning the southern boundary of Texas (Rio Grande was claimed by Texas and disputed by Mexico.)

Effects and Impacts of the
United States-Mexican War

•      Effects and Impact

–     Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848) ends the war

•      Grants the United States the Mexican territory of New Mexico, Arizona and California

–     United States paid Mexico $10 million for the Gadsden Purchase to help repay Mexico for the annexation of Texas in 1845

Sectionalism

•      loyalty to the interests of one's own region or section of the country, rather than to the country as a whole

Regions: North, South, West, Slave States, Free States

   States: Texas, California, Kansas,Nebraska

    Cities: Washington, D.C.

• Physical Characteristics of the Environment and their Influence on Population Distribution, Settlement Patterns, and Economic Activities in the US

•      Gold in California

–     Rush of settlers to California; pushed many American Indians off their lands; population of California quickly rises to the amount required for statehood

•      California’s proximity to the Pacific Ocean

–     Led to an increase of immigration from Asian nations

•      Rocky Mountains

      –  Location between eastern and western parts of the United States resulted in a need for the Gadsden Purchase to put in a railroad train for transport of goods from East to West

Areas Acquired to

Create the United States

    •       Louisiana Purchase

    •      Mexican Cession

           –     New Mexico, Arizona, California

 •      Gadsden Purchase

             •      Oregon Territory

             •      Alaska Purchase

            –     Seward’s Folly