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Structures 1 - Building Design
Building Design
33
Architecture
Professional
08/24/2015

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Term
Collinear forces
Definition
vectors lie along the same straight line
Term
Concurrent forces
Definition
lines of action meeting at common point
Term
Non concurrent forces
Definition
lines of action do not pass through a common point
Term
Coplanar forces
Definition
lines of action all lie within the same plane
Term
Load (p) v. Stress (f)
Definition
Load (p): a force applied to a body (also called an external force)
Stress (f): the resistance of a body to a load (also called an internal force) and measured in kips (K)
Term
Unit Stress
Definition
stress/unit of area at the section, measured in psi or ksi (kips/sq.in.)
Term
Strain
Definition
the deformation of a material caused by external loads. Tensile loads stretch, and compressive loads shorten.
Term
Shear
Definition
a strain produced by pressure in the structure when its layers are lateral shifted in relation to each other
Term
Moment
Definition
the tendency of a force to cause rotation about a given point or axis
Term
Modulus of Elasticity
Definition
a material’s resistance to non permanent (or elastic)
deformation
Term
Reaction
Definition
the force acting at the supports of a beam that holds it in equilibrium
Term
Eccentric Load
Definition
A load imposed on a structural member at some point other than the centroid of the section
Term
Moment of Inertia
Definition
measure of an object’s resistance to changes to its rotation.
Term
Section Modulus
Definition
the ratio of a cross section's second moment of area to the
distance of the extreme compressive fibre from the neutral axis
Term
Hook’s Law
Definition
unit stress is proportional to unit strain up to the elastic limit
Term
Yield Point
Definition
the amount of stress that causes a material to deform without additional load added
Term
Composite Structural Member
Definition
more than one material working together (eg: reinforced concrete, box beam, flitch beam)
Term
Resilience
Definition
ability of material to absorb energy while undergoing elastic range stresses
Term
Equilibrium
Definition
∑M =0; ∑V =0; ∑H =0
Term
f = P/A
Definition
Stress (f) = Total Force (P) / Area (A)
Term
Force Equations - To find force
Definition
Force (F) = Mass (M) x Acceleration (a)
F = Ma
Term
Force Equations - To find shear diagram shear force
Definition
Shear Resisting Force (R) = (V) = uniform load per foot (w) x distance (L) / 2
R=V=wL/2
Term
Force Equations - To find the horizontal force on a retaining wall
Definition
Force(F) =soil pressure(w) x height of wall(h)2 /2
F=w(squared)h/2
Term
Moment Equations - To find equilibrium by taking moments about a point
Definition
M = Pd
Term
Moment Equations - To find the eccentric load
Definition
M = Pe
(the same as finding equilibrium)
Term
Moment Equations - To find uniform load
Definition
M=w(squared) /8
Term
Moment Equations - To find point/concentrated load at the center of a member
Definition
M=PL/4
Term
Moment Equations - To combine Point Load and Uniform Loads
Definition
M=wL(squared) /8+PL/4
Term
Section Modulus Equations - To find Section Modulus
Definition
(both moment and stress are in kips or lbs)
SectionModulus(S)=Base(b) x diameter(d)^2 /6
S=bd^2 /6
Section Modulus (S) = Moment (M) / Bending Stress (Fb)
S = M / Fb
Section Modulus (S) = Moment of Inertia / given constant (c)
S = I / c
Term
Section Modulus Equations - To find Section Modulus for a roof beam
Definition
Section Modulus (S) = Moment (M) / 1.25 x Bending Stress (Fb)
S = M / 1.25Fb
Term
Moment of Inertia Equations - To find Moment of Inertia
Definition
(occurs about the centroidal axis)
Moment of Inertia(I)= Base(b) x depth(d)^3 /12
I=bd^3 /12
Term
Moment of Inertia Equations - To find Rectangle Moment of Inertia
Definition
Rectangle Moment of Inertia (I) = Base (b) x depth (d)^3/ 3
I = bd^3 / 3
Term
Moment of Inertia Equations - To find Moment of Inertia at base
Definition
(Ibase) = Moment of Inertia (I) +
Area (A) x distance from centroid to base (y)^2
Ibase = I + Ay^2
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