1. ut (for positive command) or ne (for negative command or prohibition)
2. Verb in the subjunctive
3. Governing verb from the following 4 categories: semantic notion ORDER/URGE; WISH, RESOLVE; ALLOW

To vote, to decide through a vote

(indirect command, semantic notion of order/urge)

+ DATIVE

to proclaim, to issue a written order

(indirect command, semantic notion ORDER/URGE)

To urge, to encourage

(indirect command, semantic notion ORDER/URGE)

+ DATIVE

To order, to command

(indirect command, semantic notion ORDER/URGE)

ONLY with ut/ne + subjunctive

To urge, to encourage

(indirect command, semantic notion ORDER/URGE)

To beg, to entreat

(indirect command, semantic notion ORDER/URGE)

+ DATIVE

To persuade, to convince

(indirect command, semantic notion ORDER/URGE)

+ ab + ABLATIVE

To ask, request

(indirect command, semantic notion ORDER/URGE)

+ ab + ABLATIVE

To desire, to ask

(indirect command, semantic notion ORDER/URGE)

+ ex/ab + ABLATIVE

To desire, to ask

(indirect command, semantic notion ORDER/URGE)

To pray, entreat

(indirect command, semantic notion ORDER/URGE)

To ask, beg, request

(indirect command, semantic notion ORDER/URGE)

+ DATIVE

To persuade, convince

(indirect command, semantic notion ORDER/URGE)

To desire, to wish

(indirect command, semantic notion WISH)

To prefer

(indirect command, semantic notion WISH)

To not wish, to be unwilling

(indirect command, semantic notion WISH)

To wish

(indirect command, semantic notion WISH)

To propose

(indirect command, semantic notion RESOLVE)

To decide, to set up

(indirect command, semantic notion RESOLVE)

To decide

(indirect command, semantic notion RESOLVE)

+ DATIVE

To allow

(indirect command, semantic notion ALLOW)

To suffer, allow

(indirect command, semantic notion ALLOW)

To allow, permit

(indirect command, semantic notion ALLOW)

To allow

(indirect command, semantic notion ALLOW)

Markers for NON-FINITE INDIRECT COMMANDS

(acI constructions)

1. Accusative + infinitive (AcI)
2. Verbs of ORDERING, WARNING, so-called "bossy" verbs

To order, command

(ONLY with command AcI)

To force, to compel

(non-finite indirect command AcI)

To suffer, to allow

(Finite OR non-finite indirect commands)

(with subjunctive or with AcI)

to demand

(Finite OR non-finite indirect commands)

(with subjunctive or with AcI)

to prevent, to prohibit

(Finite OR non-finite indirect commands)

(with subjunctive or with AcI)

To allow

(Finite OR non-finite indirect commands)

(with subjunctive or with AcI)

To forbid

(Non-finite Indirect Command, AcI)

To think

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To hear

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To learn, to recognize

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To think, believe

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To say

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To rejoice

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To speak

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To talk, to narrate

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To deny, say... not, to refuse

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To announce

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To feel, perceive

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To think

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To think, to believe

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To answer, to reply

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To know

(Indirect Statement AcI)

to write

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To feel, perceive

(Indirect Statement AcI)

To see

(Indirect Statement AcI)

1. Question word
2. Verb in the subjunctive
3. governing verbs of ASKING, SAYING, KNOWING

To say

(Indirect Question)

To ask

(Indirect Question)

To seek, to ask

(Indirect Question)

To ask

(Indirect Question)

To ask for, to look for

(Indirect Question)

To know

(Indirect Question)

1. ut/uti ... negator: non
2. Verb in subjunctive
3. Governing verb of BRINGING ABOUT, HAPPENING

To happen

+ noun clause as subject

(Noun Result Clause)

To bring about

+ noun clause as D.O.

(Noun Result Clause)

To bring about, to make happen

+ noun clause as D.O.

(Noun Result Clause)

To come about

+ noun clause as subject

(Noun Result Clause)

1. ne - that, or non ne/uti - that... not
2. Verb in subjunctive
3. Governing verb of FEARING

To fear

(clause of fearing)

to fear

(clause of fearing)

To fear

(clause of fearing)

To dare

(regularly patterns with a complementary infinitive)

Coepi, coepisse, coeptus

(defective verb, no imperfect forms)

To begin

(regularly patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To be accustomed to

(regularly patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To stop

(regularly patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To stop

(regularly patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To begin

(regularly patterns with a complementary infinitive)

Can/ to be able

(regularly patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To be accustomed to

(regularly patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To try

(occasionally patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To decide

(occasionally patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To desire

(occasionally patterns with a complementary infinitive)

Ought, must

(occasionally patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To prefer

(occasionally patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To not want, to be unwilling

(occasionally patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To prepare

(occasionally patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To decide

(occasionally patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To try

(occasionally patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To seem

(occasionally patterns with a complementary infinitive)

To want

(occasionally patterns with a complementary infinitive)