Term
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Definition
| A primary lymphoid organ located in the inferior part of neck, and anterior part of the superior mediastinum. It lies posterior to the manubrium and extends into the anterior mediastinum, anterior to the fibrous pericardium. During adulthood the thymus becomes largely replaced by fat. |
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Term
| What nervous material is located in the mediastinum? |
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Definition
| Both sympathetic and parasympathetic |
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Term
| Where is the cardiac plexus located? |
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Definition
| In he concavity of the arch of the aorta, superior to the chambers of the heart. |
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Term
| Where does the cardiac plexus receive sympathetic nervous modalities from? |
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Definition
| The superior, middle, and inferior ganglia. From these it goes to the midline of the neck where we have superior, middle and inferior cardiac nerves that come of the chain ganglia. They do not go to the typical spinal nerve, they only come off as postganglionic GVE because they synapsed in the ganglia, then they are taken to the cardiac plexus where they are ready for the cardiac muscles. |
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Term
| What happens to the vagus nerve in the thorax? |
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Definition
| It goes through the cervical region from the carotid neurovascular bundle into the thorax. It branches into the recurrent laryngeal nerves and 3 cardiac nerves go to the cardiac plexus. Here there is preganglionic GVE that synapses in the clump of ganglion close to the heart. |
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Term
| What does the right vagus nerve do? |
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Definition
| It gives off the right recurrent laryngeal nerve, then it contributes to the right pulmonary plexus, then passes to the esophagus and contributes to the esophageal nerve plexus. Then it gives rise to the nerves that contribute to the cardiac plexus. |
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Term
| What does the left vagus nerve do? |
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Definition
| It gives off the left recurrent laryngeal nerve, then breaks into many branches for the left pulmonary plexus, and contributes to the esophageal nerve plexus. |
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Term
| What ganglion does the Greater Splanchnic nerve go to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ganglion does the lesser splanchnic nerve go to? |
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Definition
| The aorticalrenal ganglion |
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Term
| What ganglion does the least splanchnic nerve go to? |
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Definition
| Large renal area with the celiac ganglion. |
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Term
| Where do the sympathetic splanchnic nerves from T5-T9 synapse? |
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Definition
| They go right through the sympathetic ganglion without synapsing, and are not ready until they reach the arteries in the abdominal cavity, then they synapse at the celiac ganglion. |
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Term
| Does the wall of the body contain parasympathetic modalities? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the lymph from the lower extremities and abdomen go? |
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Definition
| Into the cisterna chyle then up through tubular system to the thoracic duct. It hen goes to the superior vena cava and back into the venous system. |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: 8-10 rootlets from medulla of brainstem
Course: enters superior mediastinum posterior to sternoclavicular joint and brachiocephalic vein; give rise to recurrent laryngeal nerve; continues into abdomen.
Distribution: Pulmonary plexus, esophageal plexus, and cardiac plexus |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Anterior rami of C3-C5
Course: Passes through superior thoracic aperture and runs between mediastinal pleura and pericardium.
Distribution: Central portion of diaphragm |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Anterior rami of T1-T11
course: Run in intercostal spaces between internal and innermost layers of intercostal muscles
Distribution: Muscles in and skin over intercostal space; lower nerves supply muscles and skin of anterolateral abdominal wall. |
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Term
| Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve |
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Definition
Origin: Vagus
Course: Loops around subclavian on right; on left runs around arch of aorta and ascends in tracheoesophageal groove.
Distribution: Intrinsic muscles of larynx (except cricothyroid); sensory inferior to level of vocal folds. |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Cervical and cardiac branches of vagus nerve and sympathetic trunk.
Course: From arch of aorta and posterior surface of heart, fibers extend along coronary arteries and to sinuatrial node.
Distribution: Impulses pass to sinuatrial node; parasympathetic fibers slow rate, reduce force of heartbeat, and constrict coronary arteries; sympathetic fibers have he opposite effect. |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Vagus nerve and sympathetic trunk
Course: Forms on root of lung and extends along bronchial subdivisions.
Distribution: Parasympathetic fibers constrict bronchioles; sympathetic fibers dilate them; afferents convey reflexes. |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Vagus nerve, sympathetic ganglia, greater splanchnic nerve.
Course: Distal to tracheal bifurcation; vagus and sympathetic nerves form a plexus around esophagus.
Distribution: Vagal and sympathetic fibers to smooth muscle and glands of inferior 2/3 of esophagus. |
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