Term
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Definition
| Prejudice and discrimination based on a person's racial background, or institutional and cultural practices that promote the domination of one racial group over another. |
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Term
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Definition
| Prejudice and discrimination based on a person's gender, or institutional and cultural practices that promote the domination of one gender over another. |
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| A belief or association that links a whole group of people with certain traits or characteristics. |
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Definition
| Negative feelings toward persons based on their membership in certain groups. |
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Term
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Definition
| Behaviour directed against persons because of their membership in a particular group. |
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Definition
| Two or more persons perceived as related because of their interactions, membership in the same social category, or common fate. |
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Definition
| Group with which an individual feels a sense of belonging and identity. |
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Definition
| Groups with which an individual does not feel a sense of belonging or identity. |
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Definition
| A form of prejudice that surfaces in subtle ways when it is safe, socially acceptable, and easy to rationalize. |
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Term
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Definition
| Racism that operates unconsciously and unintentionally. |
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Term
Children do not tend to show biases based on race; it is only after they become adolescents that they learn to respond to people differently based on race.
True or False? |
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Definition
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Term
People high in implicit racism are more likely to classify faces as black if they are angry looking.
True or False? |
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Definition
True.
those with low implicit racism did not show this bias. |
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Term
| How are gender stereotypes different from other stereotypes? |
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Definition
They are prescriptive rather than descriptive.
They tend to use "should" rather than "are" |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of sexism characterized by attitudes about women that reflect both negative, resentful beliefs and feelings and affectionate and chivalrous but potentially patronizing beliefs and feelings. |
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Term
Being reminded of one's own mortality makes people put things into greater perspective thereby tending to reduce ingroup outgroup distinctions and hostilities.
True or False? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A shared goal that can be achieved only through cooperation amoung individuals or groups. |
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Term
| Realistic Conflict Theory |
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Definition
| The theory that hostility between groups is caused by direct competition for resources. |
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Term
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Definition
| Feeling of discontent aroused by the belief that one fares poorly compared with others. |
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Term
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Definition
| The theory that people favor ingroups over outgroups in order to enhance their self esteem. |
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Term
| Social Dominance Orientation |
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Definition
| A desire to see one's ingroup as dominant over other groups and a willingness to adopt cultural values that facilitate oppression over other groups. |
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Term
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Definition
| The classification of persons into groups on the basis of common attributes |
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Term
| Outgroup Homogeneity Effect |
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Definition
| The tendency to assume that there is greater similarity among members of outgroups than among members of ingroups. |
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Term
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Definition
| An overestimate of the association between variables that are only slightly or not at all correlated. |
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Term
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Definition
| The theory that small gender differences are magnified in perception by the contrasting social roles occupied by men and women. |
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Term
Even brief exposure to sexist television commercials can significantly influence the behaviours of men and women.
True or False? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A model proposing that the relative status and competition between groups influence group stereotypes along the dimensions of competence and warmth. |
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Term
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Definition
| A method of presenting stimuli so faintly or rapidle that people do not have an conscious awareness of having been exposed to them. |
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Term
Very brief exposure to a member of a stereotyped group does not lead to biased judgements or responses, but longer exposure typically does.
True or False? |
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Definition
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Term
| Four important factors in stereotype activation: |
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Definition
1. Cognitive accessability, depleated cognitive resources
2. Cultural popular stereotype, norms and values that accept
3. Motivational quick inferences, superiority complex
4. Personal endorses stereotypes, high in prejudice |
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Term
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Definition
| The experience of concern about being evaulated based on negative stereotypes about one's own group. |
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Term
An african american student is likely to preform worse on an athletic task if the task is described as one reflecting sports intelligence rather than as reflecting natural athletic ability.
True or False? |
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Definition
True.
White students are opposite. |
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Term
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Definition
The theory that direct contact between hostile groups will reduce prejudice under certain conditions.
Equal Status, Personal Interaction, Cooperation Activities, and Social Norms (of acceptance) are all factors that must be present for this theory to hold any truth. |
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Term
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Definition
| A cooperative learning method used to reduce racial prejudice through interaction in group efforts. |
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