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| Chemical building material for all living things. |
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| Protoplasm that lays outside the cell's nucleus. |
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| The structure that encases the human cell. |
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| Long thread-like structures that are seen only in dividing cells. |
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| The DNA that makes up every chromosome is divided into hundreds of segments are called genes. |
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| The total amount of genetic material (DNA) contained within the chromosomes of a human being. |
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| Compounds that don't have carbon. |
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| The cytoplasm encompasses components that allow the cell to function in a highly organized manner. The organs of the cell are the cytoplasmic organelles. |
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| The powerhouse of the cell that supplies energy for the cell. |
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| the information-processing and administrative center of the living cell. |
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| injury to DNA that if ionizing radiation interacts with a DNA macromolecule, the energy transferred could rupture one of its chemical bonds and possibly sever one of the sugar-phosphate chain side rails, or strands, of the ladder-like molecular structure. |
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| Loss or change of a base in the DNA chain. |
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| Fats, fatty acids, oil, or wax that dissolve in alcohol and not water. |
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| Type of RNA that assists in linking mRNA to the ribosome to facilitate protein synthesis. |
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| When a parent cell divides to create two daughter cells identical to the parent cell. |
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| Cell growth that occurs before mitosis. |
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| The first phase of cell division. The nucleus enlarges, the DNA coils up more tightly, and the chromatids become more visible on stained microscopic slides. |
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| Begins when the fibers (mitotic spindle) form between the centrioles. |
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| Begins when the breakdown of protein called securin that inhibits the action of a protein called separase whose function is to break down the protein cohesin. |
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| the chromatids undergo changes in appearance by uncoiling and becoming long, loosely spiraled threads. |
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