Term
DIPHENHYDRAMINE
class/mechanism of action
use
toxicity |
|
Definition
Reversible inhibitor of H1 histamine receptors (1st gen)
allergies, motion sickness, sleep aid
sedation, antimuscarinic, anti-alpha adrenergic |
|
|
Term
DIMENHYDRINATE
class/mechanism of action
use
toxicity |
|
Definition
Reversible inhibitor of H1 histamine receptors (1st gen)
allergies, motion sickness, sleep aid
sedation, antimuscarinic, anti-alpha adrenergic |
|
|
Term
CHLORPHENIRAMINE
class/mechanism of action
use
toxicity |
|
Definition
Reversible inhibitor of H1 histamine receptors (1st gen)
allergies, motion sickness, sleep aid
sedation, antimuscarinic, anti-alpha adrenergic |
|
|
Term
LORATADINE
class/mechanism of action
use
toxicity |
|
Definition
Reversible inhibitor of H1 histamine receptors (2nd gen)
Allergies
less sedation due to less CNS entry |
|
|
Term
FEXOFENADINE
class/mechanism of action
use
toxicity |
|
Definition
Reversible inhibitor of H1 histamine receptors (2nd gen)
Allergies
less sedation due to less CNS entry |
|
|
Term
DESLORATADINE
class/mechanism of action
use
toxicity |
|
Definition
Reversible inhibitor of H1 histamine receptors (2nd gen)
Allergies
less sedation due to less CNS entry |
|
|
Term
CETIRIZINE
class/mechanism of action
use
toxicity |
|
Definition
Reversible inhibitor or H1 histamine receptors (2nd gen)
Allergies
less sedation due to less CNS entry |
|
|
Term
ISOPROTERENOL
class/mechanism of action
use
adverse effects |
|
Definition
non-specific beta agonist relaxes bronchial smooth muscle
asthma
tachycardia |
|
|
Term
ALBUTEROL
class/mechanism of action
use |
|
Definition
B2 selective agonist
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle
use during acute asthma attack |
|
|
Term
SALMETEROL
class/mechanism of action
use
adverse effects |
|
Definition
long acting B2 selective agonist
asthma attack prevention
tremor and arrythmias |
|
|
Term
THEOPHYLLINE
class/mechanism of action
use
adverse effects |
|
Definition
Methylxanthine/inhibits phosphodiesterase
less cAMP hydrolysis leads to bronchodilation
also blocks adenosine preventing bronchoconstriction
asthma
cardiotoxic, neurotoxic
metabolized by p450 |
|
|
Term
IPATROPIUM
class/mechanism of action
use |
|
Definition
competitive muscarinic receptor inhibitor prevents bronchoconstriction
asthma and COPD |
|
|
Term
CROMOLYN
mechanism of action
use |
|
Definition
prevents mast cell degranulation
used to prevent asthma attacks, no effect during one |
|
|
Term
BECLOMETHASONE
mechanism of action/drug class
use |
|
Definition
corticosteroid/binds steroid receptors and inhhibits synthesis of virtually all cytokines (particularly TNF-a) by inactivating NF-kB
1st line therapy for chronic asthma |
|
|
Term
PREDNISONE
class/mechanism of action
use |
|
Definition
corticosteroid/binds steroid receptors and inhhibits synthesis of virtually all cytokines (particularly TNF-a) by inactivating NF-kB
1st line therapy for chronic asthma |
|
|
Term
ZILEUTON
class/mechanism of action
use |
|
Definition
antileukotriene/5-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor blocking conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes
Asthma |
|
|
Term
ZAFIRLUKAST
class/mechanism of action
use |
|
Definition
antiluekotrienes/block leukotriene receptors
especially good for aspirin induced asthma |
|
|
Term
MONTELUKAST
class/mechanism of action
use |
|
Definition
antiluekotrienes/block leukotriene receptors
especially good for aspirin induced asthma |
|
|
Term
GUAIFENESIN
class/mechanism of action |
|
Definition
| Expectorant/removes excess sputum. does not suppress cough reflex |
|
|
Term
N-ACETYLCYSTEINE
class/mechanism of action
use |
|
Definition
Mucolytic expectorant/loosens up mucous plugs
CF, antidote for acetaminophen poisoning |
|
|
Term
BOSENTAN
mechanism of action
use |
|
Definition
endothelin-1 receptor antagonist decreasing pulomnary vascular resistance
pulmonary hypertension |
|
|
Term
DEXTROMETHORPHAN
class/mechanism of action
use
toxicity |
|
Definition
antitussive/antagonizes NMDA receptors. codeine analog.
cough medicine
opioid effects when used in excess, mild abuse potential |
|
|
Term
PSEUDOEPHEDRINE
mechanism of action
use
toxicity |
|
Definition
alpha agonist
nasal decongestant, opens Eustachian tubes, stimulant
HTN, anxiety/CNS stimulation |
|
|
Term
PHENYLEPHRINE
mechanism of action
use
toxicity |
|
Definition
alpha agonist
nasal decongestant, opens Eustachian tubes
HTN |
|
|
Term
METHACHOLINE
class/mechanism of action
use |
|
Definition
Muscarinic receptor agonist
asthma challenge testing |
|
|
