Term
| name the causes of microcytic (low MCV), hypochromic anemia |
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Definition
TAILS:
Thalassemias
Anemia of chronic diz
Iron deficiency
Lead poisoning
Sideroblastic |
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Term
| what are the TORCH infxns? |
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Definition
intrauterine infxns:
Toxoplasmosis
Other agents
Rubella
CMV
Herpes simplex |
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Term
| what are the branched chain amino acids? what dz involves a defect in their metabolism? |
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Definition
isoleucine, leucin, valine [I Love Vermont]
maple syrup urine disease [maple tree has branches] |
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Term
| hypersensitivity disorders: ACID |
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Definition
Anaphylactice and atopic (type I)
Cytotoxic (Ab-mediated, type II)
Immune complex (type III)
Delayed (cell mediated, type IV) |
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Term
| what is the mechanism of disease/injury in c-ANCA v p-ANCA mediated vasculitis? |
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Definition
the antineutrophil cytoplasmic Ab (ANCA) mediated vasculitides involved activation of PMNs, causing release of enzymes and free radicals -> vessel damage
c-ANCA: Ab's against proteinase 3 in cytoplasmic granules (ex. Wegener's granulomatosis)
p-ANCA: Ab's against myeloPeroxidase (ex. microscopic polyangiitis, Churg-Strauss syndrome) |
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Term
| what types of vasculitides cause palpable purpura (which vessels are involved)? give some examples of diseases |
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Definition
small vessel vasculitis
Henoch-Schonlein purpura, microscopic polyangiitis |
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Term
| what is the innervation of the diaphragm? |
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Definition
phrenic nerve (C3,4,5)
"C3,4,5 keeps the diaphragm alive" |
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Term
| what enzyme is deficient in Tay-Sachs? What is the accumulated product? |
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Definition
enzyme: hexosaminidase A
accumulated: GM2 ganglioside
[cruising down Sachs 6th (HEXOsaminidase) Ave in your GM vehicle. looking fly, but not as rich as the folks that shop at Niemann Marcus (Niemann-Picks] so you have a normal liver (no hepatosplenomegaly] while they have fat livers
shared features of Tay Sachs and Niemann Picks: more common in Ashkenazi Jews, both have cherry-red spot on macula, neurodegeneration |
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Term
| what protein product is accumulated in Neimann-Pick's disease? |
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Definition
sphingomyelin
No man picks his nose with his sphinger
-differentiated from Tay-Sachs by hepatosplenomegaly (fat livers) b/c people who shop at Neimann Marcus are in da monaY |
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Term
| if a pt has marked eosinophilia, what should be in your differential? |
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Definition
causes of eosinophilia:
Neoplastic
Asthma
Allergic process
Collagen vascular diseases
Parasites (invasive)
[NAACP] |
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