Term
In the US how many people are currently living with an incurable STD?
-How many are newly infected with one or more STDs each year? |
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Definition
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Term
| STDs are most prevalent among who? |
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Definition
| Among teenagers and young adults between the ages 15-24. |
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Term
| Trends have shown 3 things that tend to promote the spread of STDs. what are they? |
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Definition
1)Sexually active at younger ages.
2)People are getting married at older agers.
3)The divorce rate is higher. |
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Term
| Are problems associated with STDs more severe in women or men? |
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Definition
| Women because of the asymptomatic nature of some of the infections. |
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Term
| Do STDs survive well in the environment? |
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Definition
| No, They survive very poorly in the environment. |
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Term
| What are acute STD manifestations? |
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Definition
oMucopurulent cervicitis and urethritis
(gonorrhea and chlamydia)
oGenital ulcer disease
(syphilis, chancroid, genital herpes)
oDysplasia and cancer
(genital warts, cervical cancer)
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Term
| What are Chronic STD Consequences? |
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Definition
oPelvic inflammatory disease (PID) – an ascending infection of the uterus and fallopian tubes caused by N. gonorrhea and Chlamydia.
oAnogenital and cervical cancer – caused by some human papilloma viruses (HPVs).
oSecondary and tertiary syphilis
oRecurrent herpes virus (HV) infection
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Term
| What is Chlamydia also termed as? |
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Definition
| non-gonoccoal urethritis, (NGO) |
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Term
| What is the most frequently reported bacterial STD in the U.S.? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What is Chlamydia caused by? |
|
Definition
| Chlamydia trachomatis, a bacterium. |
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Term
| What can Chlamydia trachomatis damage? |
|
Definition
| a woman's reproductive organs. |
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Term
| What is chlamydia also known as? |
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Definition
| The silent disease. Because 3/4ths of infected women and 1/2 of infected men have no symptoms. |
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Term
| When can symptoms develop? |
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Definition
| symptoms can delop in 7-14 days. |
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Term
| What does chlamydia trachomatis bacteria initially attack? |
|
Definition
the cervix and the urethra.
-The few women with symptoms might have ab abmorla vaginal discharge or a burnig sensation when urinating. |
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Term
| When the chlamydia trachomatis infection spreads from the cervix to the fallopian tubes some women still have no signs and symptoms others have: |
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Definition
| abdominal pain, low back pain, nausea, fever, pain during intercourse, and bleeding between menstrual periods. |
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Term
| whenever chlamydia trachomatis infection spread past the cervix into the upper reproductive system, what can occur? |
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Definition
| permanent and irreversible damage. |
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Term
| In men with chlamydia signs or symptoms might include: |
|
Definition
penile discharge
-burning sensation when urinating. |
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Term
| Why are sexually active young women especially susceptible to chlamydia trachomatis? |
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Definition
| Because the cells that form the lining of the cervical canal are immature. |
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Term
| is chlamydia easy or hard to treat? |
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Definition
| It can be easily treated and cured with antibiotics. |
|
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Term
| if chlamydia is untreated in males what can it cause? |
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Definition
| urethral infection, can cause infertility if spreads to the epididymis. |
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Term
| In 30% or more of untreated women with chlamydia it can spread into the uterus or fallopian tubes and cause what? |
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Definition
| Pelivc inflammatory disease, which can lead to chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and fatal ectopic pregnancy. |
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Term
| In pregnant women chlamydia infections can lead to: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the leading cause of early infeant pneumonia and conjunctivities in newborns? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Gonorrhea caused by? |
|
Definition
| Neisseira gonorrheoeae, a bacterium. |
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Term
| Where does Neisseria gonorrhoeae easily grow and multiply? |
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Definition
| in the mucous membranes of the body |
|
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Term
| Where can gonorrhea bacteria grow? |
|
Definition
in the warm, moist areas of the reproductive tract.
including: the cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes and the urethra in men and women. |
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Term
| When infected with gonorrhea most men have: |
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Definition
| a burning sensation when urinating and a yellowish white discharge from the penis. |
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Term
| In women, what are the symptoms for Gonorrhea? |
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Definition
Many women haave no symptoms, but may include:
-painful or burning sensation when urinating
-a vaginal discharge that is yellow or occasionally bloody.
-If left untreated in women it can lead to PID. |
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Term
| When do gonorrhea symptoms usually occur? |
|
Definition
| 2-5 days after infection, but can take as long as 30 days. |
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Term
| What is pelvic inflammatory disease? |
|
Definition
| an ascending infection of the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries and adjacent peritoneal linigns. |
|
|
Term
| what is the most common consequence of STDs affecting women? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can untreated PID lead to? |
|
Definition
| -infertility, ectopic pregnancy, abscess formation, and chronic pelvic pain. |
|
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Term
| What percent of women with untreated chlamydial or gonococcoal cervicity develop PID? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Wome who have symptoms of PID most commonly have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what percent of women with PID become infertile? |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| yes, with antibiotics, if prompt, but it won't reverse any damage that has already occured. |
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Term
| What is syphilis also know as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is syphillis caused by? |
|
Definition
| the bacterial spirochete, Treponema pallidum |
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Term
| What is syphilis often called because so many of the signs are indistinguishable from those of other diseases? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| If left untreated what can syphilis lead to? |
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Definition
| cardiovascualr and neurological disease, blindess and death. |
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Term
| Syphillus causes__________which increases the likelihood of sexual HIV transmission 3-5 fold. |
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Definition
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Term
| Syphilis is usually seen in what situations? |
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Definition
| situations where there are multiple opportunities for large numbers of anonymous sex partners, such as situations where sex is exchanged for drugs. |
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Term
What is the primary stage in sypilis? |
|
Definition
oThe time between infection with syphilis and the start of the first symptom can range from 10-90 days (average 21 days).
oThe primary stage of syphilis is usually marked by the appearance of a single sore or ulcer (called a chancre), but there may be multiple sores. The chancre is usually firm, round, small, and painless.
oIt appears at the spot where syphilis entered the body. The chancre lasts 3-6 weeks, and it will heal on its own. If adequate treatment is not administered, the infection progresses to the secondary stage.
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Term
| Second stage of syphilis? |
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Definition
o3-6 weeks after the ulcer heals, the secondary form of the disease occurs in about 50% of infected individuals.
oThe second stage represents the systemic spread of the disease and signifies reproduction of the treponemes in the lymph nodes, the liver, joints, muscles, skin, and mucus membranes.
oThe second stage is evident when one or more areas of the skin break into a rash that usually does not itch. Rashes can appear as the chancre is fading or can be delayed for weeks.
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Term
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Definition
oEven without treatment, rashes clear up on their own. Because the disease can involve different organs and tissues, symptoms can be varied and include fever, swollen lymph glands, sore throat, patchy hair loss, headaches, weight loss, muscle aches, and tiredness.
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Term
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Definition
oAs the second stage resolves, about 33% of those infected are spontaneously cured; while in the other 67%, the organisms remain latent for years or decades without symptoms, and 50% of those will eventually develop tertiary syphilis.
oTertiary syphilis results in tissue destruction, and may result in damage to the brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver, bones, and joints.
oLate stage signs and symptoms include not being able to coordinate muscle movements, paralysis, numbness, gradual blindness and dementia. This damage may be serious enough to cause death
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Term
Tertitary (late stage) syphilis
treatment |
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Definition
| A single dose of penicillin will cure a person who has had syphilis for less than a year. Larger doses are needed for people who have had it longer. |
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Term
| Genital herpes is caused by? |
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Definition
| -herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2. |
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Term
| HSV-1 occurs primarily where? |
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Definition
| above the waist-mouth and lips-fever blisters. |
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Term
| HSV-2 occurs primarily where? |
|
Definition
below the waist.
-one or more blisters on or around the genitals or rectum. |
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Term
| Is there a cure for herpes? |
|
Definition
Nope, no cure because it is a virus.
-can be slowed down with symptom treatment. |
|
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Term
| What are genital warts caused by? |
|
Definition
| up to 30 different types of the human papillomavirus. |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common STD in the US? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| there is a very strong link between genital warts and what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is there a vaccine for HPV infection? |
|
Definition
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Term
| Hepatitis B Virus can cause what? |
|
Definition
severe liver disease and death (there is a vaccine but not cure.)
-It damages the liver and may cause cirrhosis and liver cancer. |
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Term
What is trichomonoiasis caused by?
|
|
Definition
| the protozoan trichomonas vaginalis |
|
|
Term
| What is trichomoniasis also know as? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Pubic lice is also called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is pubic lice cause by? |
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Definition
Phthirus pubic
-treated by pesticide preparations. |
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