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Static Electricity Chapters 20 and 21
questions
52
Physics
12th Grade
03/12/2013

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Term
What is static electricity? What is the basic law of electostatics?
Definition
charge that's not moving; opposites attract, likes repel
Term
How do objects become charged?
Definition
by either gaining or losing electrons
Term
What is the unit of charge? What is the symbol for charge?
Definition
Coulomb; Q
Term
What is the charge of an electron?
Definition
1.6 x 10 to the -19
Term
What are three ways to transfer charge?
Definition
friction, conduction, induction
Term
What type of charge does friction result in?
Definition
one positive, one negative
Term
What type of charge results with conduction?
Definition
same sign you started with
Term
What type of charge does induction result in?
Definition
opposite charge than what you started with
Term
Describe the way charge moves in induction and conduction using electroscopes.
Definition
always describe in terms of electron because only electrons can move
Term
What factors affect the size of an electric force?
Definition
amount of charge, how far apart they are
Term
What is the Coulomb's law?
Definition
F=k(q1q2/d squared)
Term
How do you use Coulomb's law if there are more than two charges?
Definition
do two at a time (#12 on homework)
Term
What is the difference in an electrical conductor and an electrical insulator?
Definition
electrical conductors have electrons that move from atom to atom
Term
What are some example of conductors and insulators?
Definition
Term
What is an electric field?
Definition
area around a charge where a force will be felt on another charge
Term
How do you determine the intensity of an electric field?
Definition
force per test charge E=f/q
Term
How can you determine the intensity by looking at an electric field map?
Definition
number of lines, more lines=stronger field
Term
What is electic potential?
Definition
change in potential energy per unit charge across a field---V=w/q
Term
What are other names for electric potential?
Definition
voltage, potential difference, potential drop
Term
What is the unit for electric potential/
Definition
volt
Term
How do you determine the electrical potential in an electric field?
Definition
V=w/q
Term
What causes a spark discharge across a field?
Definition
when the potential gradient is so large, it ionizes the field
Term
What is a uniform field? What is the potential gradient of a uniform field?
Definition
electric field intensity crosses across
Term
What are equipotential (lines) surfaces?
Definition
lines in which charge is equal
Term
Describe the distribution of charges on conductors.
Definition
charges stay on outside and accumulate in area that are more pointed
Term
What is a capcitor?
Definition
device made of 2 conductors separated by an insulator used to store a charge
Term
What are the 3 factors that determine teh amount of charge stored by a capacitor?
Definition
area of plates, distance they are separated, type of insulator
Term
What is the unit of capcitance? How do you determine the capcitance of a capcaitor?
Definition
farad; C=Q/v
Term
How do you determine the amount of charge stored by a capacitor?
Definition
CV=Q
Term
What is a dielectric? How does changing a dielectric affect the capacitance, the charge, and the electric field of the capcitor?
Definition
insulator between plates; increases capacitance, increases charge, reduces the electric field of the capacitor
Term
What is a conductor?
Definition
a material that has free electrons that can flow from one atom to another
Term
What is an insulator?
Definition
a material in which the electrons are bound to a particular atom and are not free to move across the surface
Term
What is an electroscope?
Definition
a device that enables you to see the presence of a electrostatic charge
Term
What is a residual charge?
Definition
a charge that remains on an object after the charged object is removed
Term
What is the magnitude of one coulomb?
Definition
6.24 x 10 to the 18 electrons
Term
If an electron at a certain distance from a charge particle is attracted with a certain force, how will the force compare at twice the distnace?
Definition
1/4
Term
What is the sign of the test charge?
Definition
a small positive charge
Term
equation for spherical charge
Definition
E=k (q/d squared)
Term
What is the difference between q and Q?
Definition
q is the test charge; Q is the spherical charge
Term
What is flux density?
Definition
the number of lines per area
Term
as charge increases, what happens to the number of lines?
Definition
it increases
Term
Where do the lines begin and end?
Definition
begin on positive, end on negative
Term
How can you tell the strength of the field by looking at the lines?
Definition
the more lines, the stronger the field
Term
What happens in a uniform field?
Definition
the field lines stay the same distnace apart; the valueof E is constant
Term
How is field strength related ot potential gradient?
Definition
in a uniform field, the potential gradient is equal to the field strength
Term
What themilikan oril drop experiment determine?
Definition
the charge of the elctron
Term
The electric field inside the conductor is_____.
Definition
zero
Term
Can there be a potential difference between two points on the surface of a conductor?
Definition
no
Term
Electirc lines of force are always ____to equipotential surfaces.
Definition
perpendicular
Term
Where do charges accumulate on a conductor?
Definition
areas of greater curvature
Term
If a large and small sphere have the same charge, which one will have a lower potential?
Definition
the large one
Term
If a large and small sphere have the same potential, then which one will have more charge?
Definition
the large sphere
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