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States of Matter (unger)
Vocabulary Chapter 8 - states of matter
20
Science
9th Grade
10/13/2012

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Term
Pressure
Definition
The amount of force exerted per unit of area.
Term
Thermal expansion
Definition
A characteristic of almost all matter that causes it to expand when heated and contract when cooled. A soda can in a car.
Term
Evaporation
Definition
The gradual change of a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the boiling point.
Term
Condensation
Definition
The change of a substance from a gas to a liquid, which usually take s place when a gas is cooled to or below its boiling point.
Term
Heat of fusion
Definition
The amount of energy needed to change a material from the solid state to the liquid state.
Term
Bernoulli’s Principle
Definition
States that as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases.
Naked shower dance.
Term
Heat of vaporization
Definition
The amount of energy needed to change a material from a liquid to a gas.
Term
Charles’s Law
Definition
States that the volume of a gas increases when temperature increases, provided the pressure stays the same.
A Balloon in the hot sun.
Term
Boyle’s Law
Definition
States that the volume of a gas decreases when the pressure increases, provided the temperature stays the same. A weather balloon.
Term
Plasma
Definition
A gaslike mixture of charged particles that exists at extremely high temperatures. (Excited gas, Norther lights, fire)
Term
Kinetic theory of matter
Definition
The idea that all matter is made up of constantly moving, tiny particles.
Term
States of matter
Definition
Any of four conditions in which matter can exist: solid, liquid, gas and plasma.
Term
Crystal
Definition
In most solids, the arrangements of particles in repeating geometric patterns. Crystaline solid - salt.
Term
Pascal
Definition
The SI unit for pressure; I pascal (Pa) of pressure = 1 newton/square meter (N/m^2)
Snow shoes vs. high heals!
Term
Venturi Effect
Definition
Reduction in pressure of a fluid resulting from the speed increase as fluids are forced to flow faster through narrow spaces. Wind between tall buildings.
Term
Endothermic Change of State
Definition
A change of state when heat is absorbed. Melting, sublimation, vaporization.
Term
Buoyant Force
Definition
Ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object immersed in the fluid.
Term
Exothermic Change of State
Definition
A change of state when heat is released. Freezing, condenstation.
Term
Pascal’s Principle
Definition
States that pressure applied to the fluid is transmitted unchanged through the fluid.
Bug eyed toy!
Term
Archimedes’ Principle
Definition
States that the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. Water level changes as you sit in a bath tub!
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