Term
| enterococcus faecalis (gram + cocci) |
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Definition
Main: ampicillin + gentamicin or streptomycin;
Alternatives: vancomycin + gentamicin or streptomycin, or linezolid, or daptomycin, or tigecycline |
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Term
| enterococcus faecium (gram + cocci) |
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Definition
Main: consult w/ infectious dx specialist;
Alternatives:
vancomycin + (gentamicin or streptomycin), linezolid, quinupristin/dalfopristin, tigecycline |
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Term
| Staph. aureus/epidermidis (gram + cocci) |
|
Definition
Main - methicillin-sensitive: nafcillin, oxacillin;
meticillin-resistant: vancomycin;
Alternatives:
Methicillin-sensitive: 1st gen cephalosporin (cefazolin (IV), cephalexin (PO)), TMP-SMX, clindamycin, ampicillin-sulbactam, amoxicillin-clavulanate;
Methicillin-Resistant: TMP-SMX, doxycycline, linezolid, quinupristin/dalfopristin, daptomycin, tigecycline |
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Term
| streptococcus [Groups A, B, C, G, bovis) - (gram + cocci) |
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Definition
Main: penicillin G or V OR ampicillin;
Alternatives: 1st gen. cephalosporin, erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin |
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Term
| streptococcus pneumoniae (gram + cocci) |
|
Definition
Main:
Penicillin-sensitive: penicillin G or V or ampicillin;
Penicillin-Intermediate: high dose penicillin or ceftriaxone or cefotaxime;
Penicillin-resistant: vancomycin +/- rifampin;
Alternatives:
Penicillin-sensitive: erythromycin, 1st gen. cephalosporin, doxycycline, azithromycin, clarithromycin;
Penicillin-intermediate: levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin, telithromycin, vancomycin;
Penicillin-resistant: 3rd gen. cephalosporin (cefotaxime, ceftriaxone), telithromycin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin |
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Term
| streptococcus viridans (gram + cocci) |
|
Definition
Main: penicillin G +/- gentamicin
Alternatives: 3rd gen. cephalosporins, eryhtromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, vancomycin +/- gentamicin |
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Term
| moraxella catarrhalis (gram - cocci) |
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Definition
| Main: amoxicillin-clavulante, ampicillin-sulbactam |
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Term
| neisseria gonorrhea (gram - cocci) |
|
Definition
Main: 3rd gen. cepahalosporin (cefixime, ceftriaxone)
Alternatives: azithromycin, spectinomycin |
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Term
| neisseria meningitides (gram - cocci) |
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Definition
Main: penicillin G
Alternatives: 3rd gen cephalosporins |
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Term
| clostridium perfringes (gram + bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: pencillin G +/- clindamycin;
Alternative: metronidazole, clindamycin, doxycycline, cefazolin, imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem |
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Term
| clostridium difficile (gram + bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: oral metronidazole
Alternatives: oral vancomycin |
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Term
| listeria monocytogenes (gram + bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: ampicillin +/- gentamicin
Alternatives: TMP-SMX |
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|
Term
| acinetobacter (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: imipenem or meropenem +/- aminoglycoside (amikacin usually)
Alternatives: cipro, ampicillin-sulbactam, tigecycline |
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|
Term
| bacteroides fragilis (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: metronidazole
Alternatives: beta-lactamase inhibitors, cefoxitin, carbapenem |
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Term
| enterobacter (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: TMP-SMX, imipenem, or cefepime +/- aminoglycoside (gentamicin, tobramycin, or amikacin);
Alternatives: cipro, levofloxacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, tigecycline |
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|
Term
| escherichia coli (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main:
Meningitis - 3rd gen. ceph (IV ceftriaxone, cefotaxime) or meropenem;
Systemic Infection - 3rd gen. ceph (ceftriaxone);
UTIs - ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, doxycycline, cephalexin |
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|
Term
| gardnerella vaginalis (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: metronidazole;
Alternative: clindamycin |
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|
Term
| haemophilus influenzae (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main:
Meningitis - 3rd gen. ceph (IV ceftriaxone, cefotaxime);
Other infections - beta-lactamase inhibitor combination (piperacillin-tazobactam, amoxicillin-clavulanate) |
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|
Term
| klebsiella pneumoniae (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: 3rd gen. cephalosporin;
Alternative: 1st or 2nd cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, imipenem, TMP-SMX |
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Term
| legionella sp. (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: erythromycin +/- rifampin, or a fluoroquinolone;
Alternatives: TMP-SMX, clarithromycin, azithromycin, doxycycline |
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|
Term
| proteus miriabilis (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: ampicillin;
Alternatives: 1st gen. cephalosporin, TMP-SMX; |
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Term
| Other Proteus (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: 3rd gen. cephalosporin, fluoroquinolone;
Alternatives: beta-lactamase inhibitor combo, aminoglycoside, TMP-SMX |
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|
Term
| pseudomonas aeruginosa (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: cefepime, ceftazidime, piperacillin +/- tazobactam;
Alternatives: cipro, levofloxacin, aztreonam, imipenem |
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Term
| salmonella typhi (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: cipro, levofloxacin, 3rd gen. cephalosporin (ceftriaxone or cefotaxime)
Alternative: TMP-SMX |
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Term
| serratia marcescens (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
Main: piperacillin-tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, 3rd gen. cephalosporin +/- gentamicin;
Alternative: TMP-SMX, cipro, levofloxacin, imipenem |
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Term
| stenotrophonamas maltophilia (gram - bacilli) |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
Main: doxycycline
Alternatives: erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin, flurorquinolone |
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Term
|
Definition
Main: doxycycline or azithromycin
Alternatives: levofloxacin, ofloxacin |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Main: erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin
ALternatitves: doxycycline, fluoroquinolones |
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