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| Adjective clauses: when indicative is used |
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| When the dependent clause refers to something certain or definite. |
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| Adjective clauses: when subjunctive is used |
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| When the dependent clause refers to something indefinite or nonexistent. |
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| Subj. vs. ind.: Ramon is a man who can't be faithful. |
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| Subj. vs. ind.: I don't see any boy that I like. |
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| Subj. vs. ind.: Do you know anyone who doesn't have any problems? |
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| Subj. vs. ind. adjective clauses: common phrases |
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Necesito [algo] que...
Buscamos [algo] que...
No conozco a nadie que...
No hay nadie que... |
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| Subj. vs. ind.: Ana needs a friend who will give her advice. |
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| Future perfect: in English |
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| Future perfect: verb form |
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habre'
habra's
habra'
habremos
habra'n
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| To refer to an action that occurred before another one |
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| They *had told* me they *had visited* the capital. |
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habi'a
habi'as
habi'a
habi'amos
habi'an |
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| Comparisons of equality: as many/much as |
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tanto/a(s) + noun + como
ex. Mi padre tiene tanta paciencia como tu padre. |
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| Comparisons of equality: as nice/pretty/scary/etc as |
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tan + adj./adv. + como
ex. Carlos se declaro' tan suavamente como un poeta. |
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| Comparisons of equality: tan vs. tanto vs. tanto como |
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Tan modifies adjectives.
Tanto modifies nouns.
Tanto como modifies verbs. |
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| Comparisons of equality: plays/eats/dances as much as |
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verb + tanto como + subject of second (implied) verb
ex. Mis amigos hispanos se dan la mano tanto como nosotros. |
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| Comparisons of inequality: nouns, adj. & adv. |
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mas/menos + adj/adv/noun + que
ex. Mexico es mas grande que Peru. |
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| Comparisons of inequality: verb |
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verb + mas/menos + que
ex. Yo sufro mas que tu. |
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| Superlatives: construction |
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el/la/los/las (noun) + mas/menos + adjective + de
ex. Luisito es el mas grosero de la clase. |
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| Conjunctions using subjunctive |
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APACE
A menos (de) que
Para que
Antes (de) que
Con tal (de) que
En caso de que |
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| Formal commands: construction |
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1) Yo form
2) Drop the -o
3) Add opposite form |
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| Informal commands: positive construction |
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| Informal commands: negative construction |
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