Term
| What does the pain associated with cardiac ischemia feel like? What other symptoms are associated? |
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Definition
pressure-like, heavy, dull, crushing, squeezing with radiation to the jaw, shoulders, or arms
associated with nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, & diaphoresis |
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Term
| What street drug predisposes a person to heart attack? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the pain associated with a burst abdominal aortic aneurysm or aortic disection feel like? |
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Definition
| sudden onset of ripping, tearing pain the radiates to the back |
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Term
| Describe the pain that occurs with pericarditis? |
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Definition
sharp pain, aggravated by deep breathing, not releaved by rest
worse when lying flat, relieved by leaning-sitting forward
radiatin to trapezius ridge |
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Term
| What 2 kinds of sounds are associated with pericarditis? Which one is diagnostic? |
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Definition
distant heart sounds (due to pericardial effusion)
pericardial friction rub (diagnostic) |
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Term
| What are the 2 markers for cardiac tissue damage? |
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Definition
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Term
| What changes will you see on an ECG of a person with pericarditis |
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Definition
| diffuse (that is, on many leads) ST segment elevation and/or PR segment depression |
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Term
| How does acute coronary syndrome pain differ from stable angina pain? |
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Definition
acute coronary syndrome:
pain occurs at rest, usually lasts 10-20 minutes
occurs in early morning
stable angina:
episodes occur with exertion/emotion
lasts 2-5 minutes
releived by rest or nitroglyerine |
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Term
| How long does pain from an acute coronary syndrome (such as MI) typically last? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the pain from a pulmonary embolism. What other signs & symptoms might you see? |
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Definition
sharp, stabbing chest pain
may get worse when breathing deeply, coughing, eating, bedning, or stooping
pain will typically get worse with exertion, but won't go away with rest
Other S&S:
sudden shortness of breath
cough that may bring up blood-tinged sputum |
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Term
| What change will you see to the trachea in pneumothorax? |
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Definition
| deviated away from collapsed lung |
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Term
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Definition
precordial crackles (or a crunching, rasping sound) that correlate with the heart beat and not the respirations, heard over the precordium when there is air in the mediastinum
produced by the heart beating against air-filled tissues. |
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Term
| Describe pleuritic chest pain |
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Definition
| sharp pain in chest or shoulder, especially with deep breathing or coughing |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the costal cartilage (the cartilage connecting the rib to the sternum) |
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Term
| All adult patients who present with symptoms of acute chest discomfort should have a(n) _________ within 10 minutes of arrival |
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Definition
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Term
| What conidtions pre-dispose a person to aortic disection? |
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Definition
connective tissue disorders:
Marfan's
Turner's
scurvy
etc.
aneurysms elsewhere in the body
congenital heart disease
syphilitic heart disease
pregnancy |
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Term
| What are 4 non-cardiac sources of chest pain? |
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Definition
lungs
chest wall
GI tract
psychiatric |
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Term
| A patient has a chief complaint of chest pain. What age and gender will make it more likely that the pain is of cardiac origin? |
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Definition
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