Term
| What family of viruses does the virus Measles virus belong to? |
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Definition
| Paramyxovirus ("like" + "mucous" + virus), aka parainfluenza family |
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Term
| What family of viruses does the Mumps virus belong to? |
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Definition
| Paramyxovirus ("like" + "mucous" + virus), aka parainfluenza family |
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Term
| What family of viruses does the Rubella virus belong to? |
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Definition
| Togaviridae (so called because some togoviridae have a loose-fitting envelope, like a toga; but Rubella's envelope is tight-fitting) |
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Term
| What family of viruses does the Coxsackie A virus belong to? |
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Definition
| Picornaviridae ("small" + RNA + "viruses") |
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Term
| What family of viruses does the Parvovirus B19 belong to? |
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Definition
| Parvoviridae (parvo-"small" + "viruses") |
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Term
| What family of viruses does the Varicella-Zoster virus belong to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What family of viruses does the Roseola virus belong to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What genus of viruses does the Mumps virus belong to? |
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Definition
| Rubulavirus ("reddish" + virus) |
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Term
| What genus of viruses does the Measles virus belong to? |
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Definition
| Morbillivirus (morbillus-"pustule" + virus) |
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Term
| What genus of viruses does Rubella belong to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What genus of viruses does Coxsackie A virus belong to? |
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Definition
| Enterovirus ("related to the gut" = virus)--but it's not related to the gut |
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Term
| What genus of viruses does B19 (fifth disease) virus belong to? |
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Definition
| Parvovirus ("small" + virus) |
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Term
| What genus of viruses does the Varicella-zoster virus belong to? |
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Definition
| HHV-3 (Human Herpes Virus 3) |
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Term
| What 2 genuses of viruses do the rubeola viruses belong to? |
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Definition
| HHV-6 & -7 (Human Herpes Viruses 6 & 7) |
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Term
| What form is the Mumps genome in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What form is the Measles genome in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What form is the Rubella genome in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What form is the Coxsackie A virus in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What form is the genome of Parvovirus B19 in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What form is the genome of Varicella-Zoster in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What form is the Roseola virus genome in? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the Mumps nucelocapsid helical or icosahedral? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the Mumps virus enveloped or not? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the Measles nucleocapsid helical or icosahedral? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the Measles virus enveloped or not? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the Rubella nucelocapsid helical or icosahedral? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the Rubella virus enveloped or not? |
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Definition
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Term
| A problem with subunit gamma, found in a variety of interleukins & other cytokines, which results in very low survive & proliferation of T cells, little or no T cell-dependent immunity (low Ig of all types in serum) & low survive & proliferation of NK cells |
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Definition
| X-linked Severe Combined ImmunoDeficiency (SCID), aka Gamma Chain SCID |
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Term
| Signs & symptoms of X-linked SCID (aka Gamma Chain SCID) |
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Definition
| Reduced T cells & Ig of all types in serum; recurrent, severe infections (fatal early in life if untreated) |
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Term
| Inheritance pattern of Gamma Chain SCID |
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Definition
| X-linked (it's aka X-linked SCID) |
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Term
| Deficiency in adenosine deaminase (ADA) or purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) that causes toxic amounts of purine build up in proliferating cells—especially affects T Cells, also affects B cells & NK cells somewhat. Little or no T cell-dependent immunity (low Ig of all types in serum) |
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Definition
| Autosomal Severe Combined ImmunoDeficiency (SCID) |
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Term
| What are the symptoms of Autosomal SCID? |
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Definition
| Reduced T cells & Ig of all types in serum; recurrent, severe infections (fatal early in life if untreated) |
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Term
| What happens if there are defects in RAG-1 or RAG-2? |
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Definition
| No recombination of lymphocyte antigen means that T cells & B cells don’t mature. RAG-1 & RAG-2 defects are a rare cause of SCID (Severe Combined ImmunoDeficiency). Reduced T cells, B cells & Ig of all types in serum; recurrent, severe infections (fatal early in life if untreated) |
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Term
| A syndrome caused by a missing thymus. T cells don’t mature; little or no T cell-dependent immunity. Reduced T cells & Ig of all types in serum; recurrent, severe infections (fatal early in life if untreated) |
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Definition
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Term
| DiGeorge Syndrome is caused by a missing thymus. What problems does this cause? |
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Definition
| T cells don’t mature; little or no T cell-dependent immunity. Reduced T cells & Ig of all types in serum; recurrent, severe infections (fatal early in life if untreated) |
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Term
| Defect in B cell Tyrosine Kinase (BTK). B cell can’t get signal to live; all B cells die. Reduced B cells & Ig of all types in serum; recurrent bacterial infections with pus |
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Definition
| X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s disease) |
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Term
| Signs & Symptoms of X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s disease) |
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Definition
| Reduced B cells & Ig of all types in serum; recurrent bacterial infections with pus |
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Term
| Inheritance pattern of Bruton's disease |
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Definition
| X-linked (it's aka X-linked Agammaglobulinemia) |
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Term
| Defect in Activation-Induced Deaminase (AID). AID normally induces B cell hypermutation, which allows B cell class switching & affinity maturation. Normal amounts of B cells & T cells in serum; lots of IgM in serum; no Ig of any other types. |
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Definition
| Autosomal Recessive Hyper-IgM syndrome (defective Activation-Induced Deaminase) |
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Term
| When does transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy occur? |
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Definition
| 3-6 months (antibodies from mother are starting to decrease & baby hasn't started making its own antibodies) |
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Term
| Why do Severe primary immune deficiencies often first present with infections at about 3-6 months? |
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Definition
| because antibodies from mother are decreasing at that point |
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Term
| Mutations on CD40L (CD40 ligand) on CD4+ Helper T Cell (or CD40). T cells can’t tell B cell to hypermutate. Normal amounts of B cells & T cells in serum; lots of IgM in serum; no Ig of any other types |
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Definition
| X-Linked HyperIgM syndrome |
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Term
| What is the most important effect if CD40L on T cells is mutated & can’t bind to CD40 on B cells? |
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Definition
| T cells can't tell B cells to hypermutate. Therefore, all antibody is IgM (and hasn't undergone affinity maturation) |
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Term
| Normal amounts of B cells & T cells in serum, but low amounts of one type of Ig (IgA is most common) |
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Definition
| Selective Ig Deficiency (most common is selective IgA deficiency) |
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Term
| An immune defect B cells of unknown cause. The “miscellaneous” of immune deficiencies. Normal amounts of B cells & T cells in serum; Low serum levels of some types of Ig; recurrent infections, autoimmune disease, lymphomas |
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Definition
| Common Variable ImmunoDeficiency (CVID) |
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Term
| Mutation in transcription factors for MHC II. T cells need to react to MHC II to receive signal to live, so no T cell maturation. Llittle or no T cell-mediated immune response. Often clinically characterized as a form of SCID (severe recurrent infections; death if untreated) |
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Definition
Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome (BLS)
(so-called because B cells & other APCs are bare of MHC II) |
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Term
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Definition
| When either antigen or antibody is in vast excess in an antigen-antibody precipitation test. Almost no precipitate is formed because antigens stick to antibodies, but antibodies don’t stick to antibodies, and soluble antigens don’t stick to antigens. |
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