Term
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Definition
multiply by transverse fission
motile: six axial filaments, spinning motion
*no exotoxins*
can't culture on artificial media, except for Leptospira |
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Term
Treponema pallidum
reservoir
transmission
metabolism & morphology
virulence
clinical
diagnostics |
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Definition
humans only
STD
microaerophilic
thick rigid spirals
very sensitive to high temp
motile
Syphilis:
primary stage: painless chancre
secondary stage: rash on palms and soles, condyloma latum, CNS/eyes/bones/kidneys/joints may be involved
Latent stage: 25% may revert back to secondary
Tertiary stage (33%): gummas of skin and bone, cardiovascular syphilis, neurosyphilis (may include Argyll-Robertson "prostititute's" pupil)
Congenital syphilis: contacted in utero
Cutaneous lesions - dark field microscopy, immunofluorescence, ELISA, silver stain
Non-specific tests: VDRL; RPR
Specific: FTA-ABS, MHA-TP
Thin, don't show up well on Gram stain
PCR available |
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Term
Borrelia burgdorferi
reservoir
transmission
metabolism & morphology
clinical
diagnostics |
|
Definition
white-footed mouse, white-tailed deer
Vector = Ixodes tick
Microaerophilic
Lyme disease
stage 1: erythema chronicum migrans (ECM)
stage 2, early disseminated stage: multiple smaller ECM, aseptic meningitis, CN palsies, peripheral neuropathy, transient heart block or myocarditis, knee arthritis
stage 3, late: chronic arthritis, encephalopathy
Elevated levels of Ab against pathogen detectable by ELISA
Western immunoblotting |
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Term
Leptospira interrogans
reservoir
transmission
metabolism & morphology
clinical
diagnostics |
|
Definition
zoonotic
direct contact with infected urine or tissue
penetrate borken skin and mucous membranes
Aerobic
spiral-shaped, hooks on both ends ("ice tongs")
Periplasmic flagella
First phase (leptospiremic): organisms in blood & CSF causes high spiking temp, headache, severe muscle aches
second phase (immune): emergence of IgM, recurrence of above symptoms, often with neck pain
Weil's Disease: severe leptospirosis with renal failure, hepatitis and jaundice, mental tatus change, hemorrhage in many organs
First week: culture blood or CSF (PCR)
Second week to months: culture urine (ELISA, PCR) |
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