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Spiny Dogfish Shark Anatomy
Parts of the shark and their functions
36
Biology
Undergraduate 1
02/23/2011
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Term
Nares
 Definition
Smell
Term
Spiracles
 Definition
Allow water to enter pharynx when shark is feeding
Term
External gill slits
 Definition
Allow water to exit from gills
Term
Lateral line system
 Definition
Detects vibrations in water
Term
Ampullae of Lorenzini
 Definition
Electroreceptors
Term
Clocoa
 Definition
Opening for digestive and reproductive systems
Term
Caudal fin
 Definition
propels shark through water
Term
Pectoral fins
 Definition
control pitch and roll
Term
Epaxial muscles
 Definition
Lie above horizontal septum
Term
Hypaxial muscles
 Definition
Lie below horizontal septum
Term
Vertical septa
 Definition
divide muscle into left and right
Term
Levator muscles
 Definition
lift fins
Term
Mandibular abductor
 Definition
Closes mouth
Term
2-6 dorsal constrictors
 Definition
compress gill chamber
Term
1st ventral constrictor
 Definition
elevates floor of mouth
Term
2-6th ventral constrictors
 Definition
compress gill chamber
Term
3-6th levators
 Definition
elevate scapular cartilage
Term
common coracoarcual
 Definition
helps open mouth
Term
coracomandibular
 Definition
opens mouth
Term
coracohyoid
 Definition
helps with feeding
Term
esophagus
 Definition
connects pharynx to stomach, contains papillae
Term
stomach
 Definition
food storage and breakdown
Term
duodenum
 Definition
receives ducts from gall bladder and pancreas
Term
ileum
 Definition
digestion
Term
spiral valve
 Definition
increases area of intestine and time for enzymes to break down food
Term
rectal gland
 Definition
removes excess salt
Term
liver
 Definition
storage and buoyancy
Term
pancreas
 Definition
produces digestive enzymes and secretes hormones
Term
spleen
 Definition
immune system
Term
kidneys
 Definition
excretion of urea
Term
ventricle
 Definition
pumps blood
Term
afferent branchial arteries
 Definition
carry blood to gills
Term
efferent branchial arteries
 Definition
carry blood away from gills
Term
dorsal aorta
 Definition
delivers oxygenated blood to posterior
Term
gill filaments
 Definition
gas exchange
Term
gill rakers
 Definition
protect gills by screening out debris
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