Term
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Definition
coordinates the activity of muscles, organs, senses and actions
made up of nervous tissue
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Term
3 Main Functions of nervous system |
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Definition
1. receives sensory input
2. integration
3. dictates motor output |
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Term
Structural divisions of Nervous System |
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Definition
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
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Term
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Definition
consists of brain and spinal cord
interprets incoming sensory signals
dictates motor responses |
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Term
| Peripheral Nervous System |
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Definition
consists of ganglia and nerves (spinal and cranial)
communication between regions of CNS |
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Term
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Definition
surrounds each axon (nerve fiber)
myelinated and unmyelinated
motor and sensory nerve fibers
loose CT |
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Term
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Definition
bundles axons into fascicles
CT |
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Term
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Definition
bundles fascicles into a nerve
Fibrous CT |
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Term
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Definition
runs through vertebral canal of the vertebral column
protected by bone, meninges and cerbrospinal fluid
made up of a core of gray matter surrounded by white matter
31 pairs of spinal nerves branch off of it through intervertebral forament |
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Term
| Functions of the spinal cord |
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Definition
-involved in sensroty and motor innervation of body inferior to head (through spinal nerves)
-provides a 2-way conduction pathway for signals between body and brain
-major center for reflexes |
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Term
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Definition
| 3 layers of connective tissue surrounding the spinal cord |
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Term
| Function of spinal cord meninges |
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Definition
-protect spinal cord
-contains cerbrospinal fluid (CSF)
-protects blood vessels serving spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
superficial layer of spinal meninges
spinal dural sheath
does not attach to bone
merges w/epineurium of spinal roots and nerves |
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Term
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Definition
space between dura mater and vertebrae consists of loose CT, fat and veins
not present around brain |
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Term
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Definition
| space between dura mater and arachnoid mater |
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Term
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Definition
middle layer of spinal meninges
impermeable layer = barrier
raised off pia mater by rootlets |
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Term
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Definition
| area between arachnoid mater and pia mater, contains CSF |
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Term
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Definition
deep layer of the spinal meninges
highly vascular
adheres to spinal cord tissue |
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Term
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Definition
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal
Cervical & Lumbar enlargements
Cauda equina
Conus medullaris
Filum terminale |
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Term
| Gray matter of spinal cord |
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Definition
| part of the spinal cord whichconsists of neuron cell bodies, unmyelinated axons, dendrites, and neuroglia shaped like an "H" |
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Term
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Definition
| crossbar of the "H" of the gray matter |
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Term
| Posterior Horns (of gray matter) |
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Definition
consists of interneurons that transmit in from outside spinal cord into it
dorsal root contain sensory fibers (somatic (ss)and visceral (vs) sensory) |
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Term
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Definition
| Swelling in dorsal root that interneurons pass through |
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Term
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Definition
cell bodies of motor neurons send info out of spincal cord to muscles and glands
ventral root contains motor fibers (visceral and somatic motor) |
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Term
| White matter of spinal cord |
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Definition
surrounds gray matter
composed of myelinated and unmyelinated axons
divided into white columns (funiculi), posterior funiculus, anterior funiculis, lateral funiculus
allow for communication between parts of the spinal cord, spinal cord and brain |
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Term
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Definition
in white matter of spinal cord
carry sensory infro from sensory neurons of body to brain
- touch, pressure, pain, temperature |
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Term
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Definition
in white matter of spinal cord
carry motor instructions from brain to spinal cord
cntractionof muscles and secretion of gl |
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Term
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Definition
in white matter of spinal cord
cross from one side of cord to the other |
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Term
| How many spinal nerves are there? What are they? |
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Definition
31 Pairs
8 pairs of cervical spinal nerves C1-C8
12 pairs of thoracic spinal nerves T1-T12
5 pairs of lumbar spinal nerves L1-L5
5 pairs of sacral spinal nerves S1-S5
1 pair of coccygeal spinal nerves C01 |
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Term
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Definition
Part of PNS
lie in intervertebral foramina
-send lateral branches to body
named according to their point of attachment to spinal cord segment
each spinal nerve connects to the spinal cord via a dorsal (sensory) and ventral (motor) root |
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Term
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Definition
lateral to the intervertebral foramen each spinal nerve splits into two of these
consist of both motor and sensory fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| Supply anterior and lateral regions of the neck, trunk and limbs |
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Term
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Definition
| Supply the dorsum of the neck and back |
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Term
| Recurrent meningeal nerves |
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Definition
nerves that branch from the spinal nerves to supply intervertebral discs, dura mater, ligaments and blodd vessels
they access the vertebral canal via intervertebral foramina |
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Term
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Definition
connects to the spinal cord
each has EITHER sensory or motor fibers, NOT both |
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Term
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Definition
| area of skin innervated by cutaneous branches of single spinal nerve |
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Term
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Definition
Visceral Motor function
not easily controlled by will
-get nervous and sweat
innervate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands
regulate visceral function
-heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, urination
has 2 divisions
-parasympathetic
-sympathetic |
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Term
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Definition
enables body to unwind and calm down
most active when body is at rest
routine maintenance functions
craniosacral division
-fibers emerge from brain and sacral spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
"fight or flight"
mobilizes the body during extreme situations
becomes active when extra metabolic effort is needed
thoracolumbar division
-fibers arise from thoracic and lumbar parts of spinal cord |
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