Term
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Definition
I - Olfactory
II - Optic
III - Occulomotor
IV - Trochlear
V - Trigeminal
VI - Abducens
VII - Facial
VIII - Vestibulocochlear
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - Vagus
XI - Accesory
XII - Hypoglossal
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Term
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Definition
Olfactory N.
Sensory - Smell
Path/Foramen of Exit
- Cribriform Plate - "Smell baby crib"
Does NOT synapse w/ Thalamus (only CN that doesn't)
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Term
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Definition
Optic N.
Sensory - Vision
Path/Foramen of Exit
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Term
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Definition
Optic N.
Motor - Eye muscles except SO4LR6
Path/Foramen of Exit
- Superior Orbital Fissue (SOF)
Constrictor pupillae (parasympathetic) via Edinger-Westphal nucleus (midbrain)
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Term
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Definition
Trochlear N.
Motor - SO4
Path/Foramen of Exit
Smallest CN
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Term
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Definition
Trigeminal N. (3 branches)
- V1 - Opthalmic
- V2 - Maxillary
- V3 - Mandibular
Sensory - Face & tongue
Motor - Mastication, ie. "Tic doulourex"
Path/Foramen of Exit
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Term
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Definition
Abducens N.
Motor - LR6
Path/Foramen of Exit
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Term
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Definition
Facial N.
Sensory - Anterior 2/3 tongue
Motor - Facial Expression
Path/Foramen of Exit
- Internal auditory meatus exits through Styloid Mastoid
- Superior Salvatory (Branch of Chorda Tympani)
- "Bell's Palsy" |
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Term
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Definition
Vestibulocochlear N.
Sensory - Balance & Hearing
Path/Foramen of Exit
- Vestibular Ganglion of Scarpa
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Term
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Definition
Glossopharyngeal N.
Sensory - Posterior 1/3 tongue
Motor - Secretion of parotid gland
Path/Foramen of Exit
- Jugular Foramen (Temporal + occipital = jugular)
- Nucleus Ambiguous (inferior salvatory)
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Term
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Definition
Vagus N.
Sensory - Bitter taste epiglottis; External auditory meatus
Motor - Pharynx & larynx
Path/Foramen of Exit
- Parasympathetic Dorsal Motor Nucleus
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Term
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Definition
Accessory N.
Motor -Trapezius & SCM
Path/Foramen of Exit
- Nucleus Ambiguous
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Term
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Definition
Hypoglossal N.
Motor - Tongue
Path/Foramen of Exit
- Hypoglassal
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Term
| CN's (whether they are Sensory, Motor or Both) |
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Definition
CN I - Some
CN II - Say
CN III - Marry
CN IV - Money
CN V - But
CN VI - My
CN VII - Brother
CN VIII - Says
CN IX - Big
CN X - Brains
CN XI - Matter
CN XII - Most! |
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Term
| Which 4 CN's have Parasympathetic Innervation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Brachial (pharyngeal) arches |
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Definition
Arch 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
**No branchial arch 5** |
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Term
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Definition
- CN - CN V3 (mandibular branch)
- Muscle - Muscles of Mastication, Jaw closing muscles
- Bone - Mandible, Malleus, & Incus
- Cartilage - Meckel's cartilage
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Term
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Definition
- CN - CN VII
- Muscle - Muscles of facial expression, Jaw opening muscles, Stylohyoid, Stapedius
- Bone - Stapes, Styloid
- Cartilage - Reichert's cartilage
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Term
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Definition
- CN - CN IX
- Muscle - Stylopharyngeus
- Bone - Cornu, Hyoid
- Cartilage - None
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Term
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Definition
- CN - CN X (superior laryngeal)
- Muscle - Muscles of pharynx except Stylopharyngeus
- Bone - None
- Cartilage - Thyroid & cricoid cartilages
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Term
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Definition
- CN - CN X (inferior laryngeal)
- Muscle - Muscles of larynx
- Bone - None
- Cartilage - Arytenoid, cornicular & cuneiform cartilages
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Term
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Definition
- Anterior Longitudinal Ligament (ALL)
- Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (PLL)
- Ligamentum flava
- Interspinous
- Supraspinous
- Transverse ligament
- Cruciform
- Alar
- Apical dental
- Denticulate
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Term
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
(ALL) |
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Definition
- down front of bodies (sacrum - base of occiput)
- Thicker & stronger than PLL
- Above C2 turns into Atlantoaxial/Atlantooccipital membrane
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Term
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
(PLL)
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Definition
- Back of body (w/in spinal canal)
- Above C2 --> Tectorial membrane
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- b/w SP's
- thickest in lumbar
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Term
Supraspinous ligament
(SSL) |
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Definition
- From SP to SP (occipital to coccyx)
- Above C7 --> Ligamentum nuchae
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Term
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Definition
- Holds dens on fovea dentis (anterior arch facet) of atlas
- lies across posterior dens and connects to tubercles on medial lateral masses.
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Term
Cruciate (Cruciform) ligament
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Definition
- Cross shaped ligament
- consists of transverse ligament & longitudinal ligament arising from middle of transverse (connecting to C2 body & occiput)
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Term
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Definition
....Check Ligament
- from superiolateral sides of dens to occiput
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Term
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Definition
- From tip of dens (apex) to occiput
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Term
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Definition
| -pia mater specialization that anchors to dura mater. |
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Term
| Name for ALL from atlas to occiput |
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Definition
| Atlantooccipital membrane |
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Term
| What is PLL called from axis to occiput? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which ligament is located from C7 to occiput? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which ligaments can affect the IVF? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the three anterior ligaments of the spinal column |
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Definition
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Term
| What ligament is the PLL from c2 to the occiput and limits flexion |
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Definition
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Term
| What is made from fibrocartilage; symphysis joint; and amkes up 25% of the spine |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 middle ligaments of the spinal column |
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Definition
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Term
| What ligament runs from lamina to lamina on the posterior portion of the canal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What makes up the ligamentum flavum from C2 to C1 |
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Definition
| Posterior atlantoaxial ligament |
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Term
| What makes up the ligamentum flavum from C1 to C0. |
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Definition
| Posterior atlanto occipital |
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Term
| If calcium rises a ___ will form at the posterior atlanto occipital ligament |
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Definition
| arcuate foramen (posterior ponticle) |
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Term
| What goes through a posterior pentacle? |
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Definition
| vertebral artery and C1 nerve |
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Term
| What has the highest elastic content and limits flexion |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the ligament that goes from articular process to articular process from the sacrum to the occiput |
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Definition
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Term
| What ligament goes from transverse to transverse |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the the 3 posterior ligaments |
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Definition
| ISL, SSL, Ligamentum Nuchae |
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Term
| What ligament is supraspinous ligament from C7 to occiput |
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Definition
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Term
| The median sacral crest is homologs to |
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Definition
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Term
| THe medial or intermediate or sacral crest is homologs to |
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Definition
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Term
| The lateral sacral crest is homologs to |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The conus medullaris runs from __ to __ |
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Definition
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Term
| Filum terminale runs from ___ to ___ |
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Definition
| conus medullaris to coccyx |
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Term
| THe inner portion consists of |
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Definition
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Term
| The outer portion consists of |
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Definition
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Term
| The largest transverse diameter of the spinal canal (not cord) is |
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Definition
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Term
| what level is the largest enlargement of the spinal cord in the upper extremity? |
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Definition
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Term
| C6 is the largest of the spinal cord of the upper extremity because it contains |
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Definition
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Term
| What level is the largest enlargement of the spinal cord in the lower extremity |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is T12 the largest of the upper extremity because |
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Definition
| it contains the tracts for the legs |
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Term
| How many dentate ligaments are there? |
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Definition
| 21 (cannot find dentate ligaments in L4) |
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Term
| What do the dentate ligaments connect? |
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Definition
| the pia to the dura along the spinal cord |
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Term
| Joint Classification mneumonic |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 3 types of synarthrosis (fibrous) |
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Definition
syndesmosis
synostosis
gomphosis |
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Term
| Interosseous membrane is a |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 2 types of amphiarthrosis (cartilaginous) |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of synchondrosis |
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Definition
| temporary, epiphyseal plates, hyaline cartilage (becomes bone) |
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Term
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Definition
| IVD, pubic symphysis, fibrocartilage |
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Term
| 3 types of diarthrosis (synovial) |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 types of uniaxial diarthrosis with examples |
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Definition
Hinge/Ginglymus (cubital humeral ulnar joint, mortis joint)
Pivot/Trochoid 50% (atlas/axis, proximal radioulnar) |
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Term
| 2 types of biaxial diarthrosis joints |
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Definition
ovoid/condylmus (radiocarpal, MCP, TMJ, knee)
Saddle/Sellar (thumb, Sternoclavicular, 1st MC and trapezium) |
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Term
| 2 types of triaxial diarthrosis joints |
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Definition
gliding planar (facets, AC joint, intercarpal/tarsal)
ball & socket (coxofemoral joint, glenohumeral) |
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Term
| Perpindicular articulation of ethmoid and vomer would be classified as |
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Definition
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Term
| SI joints would be classified as |
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Definition
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Term
| How many cervical nerves are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many thoracic nerves are there |
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Definition
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Term
| How many lumbar nerves are there |
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Definition
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Term
| How many sacral nerves are there |
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Definition
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Term
| How many coccygeal nerves are there |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The anterior chamber of the eye is |
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Definition
| cornea to iris- filled with aqueous humor |
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Term
| The posterior chamber of the eye is |
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Definition
| iris to lens (filled with aqueous humor) |
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Term
| The anterior and posterior chamber of the eye communicate by way of the |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ciliary epithelium in cilliary bodies |
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Term
| if there is an excess of aquous humor |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| increased intraocular pressure and cupping of the disc |
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Term
| The anterior and posterior chambers are in the |
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Definition
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Term
| The posterior cavity is the |
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Definition
| lens to the retina and is filled with vitreous humor (jelly like to maintain shape) |
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Term
| How many chambers are in the posterior cavity |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lens placodes (surface ectoderm) |
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Term
| Embryology of the retina and the iris |
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Definition
| optic stalk gives rise to the optic cup |
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Term
| Lens/retina/vision comes from the embryology of the |
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Definition
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Term
| The vascular portion of the eye embryologically comes from |
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Definition
| the choroid derived from the arachnoid |
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Term
| the embyrolocial origin of the sclera is the |
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Definition
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Term
| The area for the most acute vision is found of the macula of the |
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Definition
| fovea centralis of macula |
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Term
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Definition
rods and cones (receptors)
Bipolar cells
Ganglion cells |
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Term
| The fovea centralis of macula has |
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Definition
| cones (bright light and color) |
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Term
| m/c/c of blindness in elderly |
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Definition
| macular degeneration (cant see light) |
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Term
| If someone shines a bright light what happens to the macula |
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Definition
| it is hyperpolarized and gets shuts off (harder to fire) |
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Term
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Definition
| periphery (dim light, night vision) |
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Term
| What disease effects rods first? |
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Definition
| glaucoma (1st sign: rings around lights) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| Vitamin A deficiency will = |
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Definition
nyctalopia (night blindness)
Keratomalacia (softening of the cornea) |
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Term
| Where does the optic nerve decussate |
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Definition
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Term
| What also decussates at the optic chiasm |
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Definition
| nasal tracts (carry temporal fields of vision) |
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Term
| Damage to the Chiasm will = |
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Definition
| damage to the nasal tracts |
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Term
| What sits below the optic chiasm |
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Definition
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Term
| If there is a pituitary tumor (craniopharyngioma) the patient will have |
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Definition
| bitemporal hemianopsia=tunnel vision |
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Term
| Voluntary muscles of the eye are controlled in the |
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Definition
| frontal lobe innervated ipsilaterally b/c LMN |
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Term
| Vision is provided by the |
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Definition
| occipital lobe (broadman 17) |
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Term
| What is the reflex for eyes with neck movement |
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Definition
| lateral geniculate/thalamus |
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Term
| What is the reflex for ear with neck movement |
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Definition
| medial geniculate/thalamus |
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