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Linear Model of Communication |
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Interactional Model of Communication |
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Transactional Model of Communication |
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Cooperative process that builds shared meaning |
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Everything that the sender and receiver share |
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Anything that distracts the receiver |
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Self-Presentational Approach |
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Views encounters as "situational constraints" on behavior
A competent communicator is demonstrated by his presentation of apporpriate faces and line and his support for others' faces and lines |
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Ability to formulate and achieve objectives Ability to collaborate effectively with others Ability to adapt appropriately to situational or environmental variations |
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Coordinated activity in relation to an object or situation |
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Dimensions of the Social Skills Approach |
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Poise-Anxiety Interaction Skills Perceptual Sensitivity Extroversion and Affiliation Rewardingness Role Taking Dominance-Submission |
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The ability of an interactant to choose among available communicative behaviors in order that he may successfully accomplish his own interpersonal goals during an encounter while maintaining the face and line of his fellow interactants within the constraints of the situation |
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Attending and Selecting Organizing Interpreting Retrieving |
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Using the senses to respond to stimuli |
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Bright, loud, or colorful |
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Recognizing things that we perceive ourselves to be |
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arranging information into a meaningful way to make sense of the world |
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How you evaluate the qualities of yourself |
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Relatively stable set of perceptions you have of yourself |
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Understanding of yourself |
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Implicit Personality Theory |
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System of rules that tells you which characteristics go with other characteristics |
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examines how we create explanations or attach meanings to someone's behaviors |
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People assume different roles to fit into different situations |
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Tangible environment in which communication occurs |
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Rules, roles, norms, and patterns of communication that are unique to particular cultures |
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Nature of the relationship that affects a communication encounter |
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Stimuli outside of the receiver theat makes the message difficult to hear |
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Biological influences on message reception |
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Communicator's biases prejudices, and feelings toward a person or a message |
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When senders and receivers apply different meanings to the same message |
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Individuals follow absolute morals
Act as an example to others |
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What is ethical is what will bring the greatest good for the greatest number of people |
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Aim for harmony and balance in our lives |
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Being concerned with connection |
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Communication maximizes people's ability to exercise free choice |
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Our desire for other to refrain from imposing their will on us |
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The way we handle the various situations in which we find ourselves |
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Equally distributed power |
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Competing desires in our interpersonal relationships that result in contradictory tensions |
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Learned ability to accurately understand the experiences of people from diverse cultures and to convey that understanding responsively |
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An observer can never condemn any practice in which any culture engages |
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Generalize the qualities of some members of a group to the group as a whole |
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Positive or negative feeling |
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Communicating Emotionally |
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Suggests that the emotion itself is not the content of hte message but rather a property of it |
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The process of transferring emotions from one person to another |
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The effort or energy involved in maintaining emotional competence |
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