Term
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Definition
Assumes the individual has difficulty with the physical act of producing sounds. |
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Term
Articulation vs. Phonological Disorders |
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Definition
Articulation= peripheral issues. should not affect other areas of language, difficulty "making sounds" Phonological Disorder= central issue. May affect other areas of language. Difficulty "making sense" |
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Term
Contributing Factors of SSD |
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Definition
Articulation- developmental, sensory impairment, motor impairment, structural difference Phonological- developmental, related to cognitive impairment, related to other language impairments. |
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Term
Predicting an Articulation Disorder |
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Definition
if when testing a child they use it in some positions but not other it is NOT an articulation difficulty |
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Term
Types of Articulation Disorders |
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Definition
SODA substitutions, omissions, distortions, addition |
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Term
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Definition
Syllabic Simplification: deletion of final consonant, deletion of unstressed syllable, reduction of consonant cluster Substitution Patterns: stopping and fronting Assimilation Processes (sound production influenced by nearby sounds)- backward assimilation (goggie) instead of doggie and forward assimilation (televivion) |
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Term
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Definition
3 underlying principles: 1. focus on groups of sounds, treating patterns rather than individual sounds 2. Phonological Contrasts, focus on how different sounds result in a different meaning. 3. naturalistic context, usually work with real words in meaningful contexts |
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Term
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Definition
most phonemic approaches use minimal word pairs |
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Term
Cause of SSD: Developmental |
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Definition
most common cause of speech disorders in children slow maturation of speech development? Not pick up on cues in the environment similar to other children often occurs in the absence of any other problem but may co-occur with delayed language development. |
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Term
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Definition
indicates where energy lies for speech sounds. Vowels carry the most energy, but consonants carry the most information |
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Term
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Definition
Disorder of motor control that results from brain damage Primary Impairments: abnormal muscle tone, impaired motor control. impaired coordination and balance, weakness, loss of sensation. |
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Term
Bell's Palsy (Unilateral Facial Paralysis) |
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Definition
Unilateral weakness or paralysis of facial muscles Caused by damage to the VII cranial nerve may be associated with trauma or virus but often the cause is unknown. Can affect ability to articulate clearly. Often is not permanent. |
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Term
Hemifacial Microsomia (Structural Disorder) |
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Definition
Abnormal growth of structures on one side of the face. Skeletal, Muscular, Hearing May also have VPI (velopharyngeal impairment) |
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