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Speech ch 1-3
Key Terms
79
Communication
Undergraduate 1
01/22/2012

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Term
Altercasting
Definition
type of feedforward that asks the reciever to approach your message in a particular role or as someone else
Term
Ambiguity
Definition
messages with more than one potential meaning
Term
Channel
Definition
medium through which the message passes
Term
Communication
Definition
occurs when one person (or more) sends and receives messages that are distorted by noise, occur whithin a context, have some effect, and provide some opportunity for feedback
Term
Communication Accommodation Theory
Definition
you adjust to or accommodate to the speaking style of your listeners in order to gain a variety of benefits
Term
Communication Competence
Definition
refers to your knowledge of the social aspects of communication
Term
Complementary Relationship
Definition
two individuals engage in different behaviors
Term
Computer-mediated Communication
Definition
communication between people that takes place through some computer connection
Term
Content and Relationship Dimensions
Definition
communication refers to the real world and the relationships between the parties
Term
Content Message
Definition
the behavioral respose expected
Term
Context
Definition

4 dimensions:

1) physical

2) social-psychological

3)temporal (time)

4) cultrual

Term
Culture
Definition
the beliefs, values, and ways of behaving that are shared by a group of people and passed down from one generation to the next
Term
Decoder
Definition
listener or reader
Term
Decoding
Definition
the act of recieving messages
Term
Disclaimer
Definition
a statement that aims to ensure that your message will not reflect negatively on you
Term
Effects
Definition

1) Intellectual - changes in your thinking

2) Affective - changes in your attitudes, values, or beliefs

3) Psychomotor - changes in overt behaviors

Term
Encoder
Definition
speakers or writers
Term
Encoding
Definition
the act of producing messages
Term
Ethics
Definition
right and wrong
Term
Feedback
Definition
messages sent back to the speaker reacting to what is said
Term
Feedforward
Definition
information you provide before sending your primary messages; it reveals something about the messages to come
Term
Intercultural Communication
Definition
communication between members of different cultures
Term
Interviewing
Definition
communication that proceeds by questions and answers
Term
Intrapersonal Communication
Definition
communication you have with yourself
Term
Interpersonal Communication
Definition
communication between two persons or among a small group of persons
Term
Mass Communication
Definition
communication from one source to many recievers who may be scattered throughout the world
Term
Metacommunication
Definition
communication about communication
Term
Metamessages
Definition
messages that communicate about other messages
Term
Mixed Messages
Definition
contradictory messages
Term
Noise
Definition
anything that interferes with your receiving a message (physical, physiological, psychological)
Term
Phatic Communication
Definition
small talk
Term
Punctuation of Communication
Definition
the tendency to divide up the various communication transactions in sequences of stimuli and responses
Term
Relationship Messages
Definition
tells how the communication is to be dealt with
Term
Responses
Definition
effects
Term
Rigid Complementarity
Definition
a relationship characterized by fixed, unchanging roles
Term
Source
Definition
speaker
Term
Stimuli
Definition
causes
Term
Symmetrical relationship
Definition
two individuals mirror each other's behavior
Term
Theory
Definition
generalization that explains how something works
Term
Transactional
Definition
the elements of communication are interdependent
Term
Unrepeatability
Definition
everyone and everything is constantly changing
Term
Acculturation
Definition
the process by which you learn the rules and norms of a culture different from your native culture
Term
Ambiguity Tolerance
Definition

the amount of uncertainty

high-ambiguous (don't feel threatened by unknown)

low-ambiguous (hate unknown)

Term
Collectivist Culture
Definition
teaches members the inportance of group values such as benevolence, tradition, and conformity
Term
Cultural Sensitivity
Definition
quality of being aware and accepting of other cultures
Term
Enculturation
Definition
the process by which you learn the culture into which you were born into (native culture)
Term
Ethnic Identity
Definition
a commiment to the beliefs and philosophy of your culture
Term
Ethnocentrism
Definition
the tendency to see others and their behaviors through your own cultural filters
Term
Face-saving
Definition
something that prevents loss of dignity or self-esteem
Term
Feminine Culture
Definition
values modesty, concern for relationships and the quality of life, and tenderness in both men and women
Term
Gender
Definition
social construction of masculinity and femininity within a culture
Term
High-context Culture
Definition
much of the information in communication is in the context or in the person
Term
High-power-distance Culture
Definition
power in the hands of a few, great difference between those in power and ordinary citizens
Term
Individualist Culture
Definition
teaches members the importance of individual values such as power, achievement, hedonism, and stimulation
Term
Low-context Culture
Definition
most of the information is explicitly stated in the verbal message
Term
Low-power-distance Cultures
Definition
power is more evenly distributed throughout the citizenry
Term
Masculine Culture
Definition
people value male aggressiveness, material success, and strength; women are valued for their modesty, focus on the quality of life, and tenderness
Term
Sex
Definition
biological distinction between male and female
Term
Stereotype
Definition
a fixed impression of a group of people
Term
Attitude
Definition
a tendency to act for or against a person, object, or position
Term
Audience
Definition
a group of individuals gathered together to hear a speech
Term
Audience Analysis
Definition
to construct an audience profile in which you analyze audience members' sociological or demographic characteristics
Term
Belief
Definition
the confidence or conviction you have in the truth of some proposition
Term
Communication Apprehension
Definition
fear of public speaking
Term
General Purpose
Definition
whether your speech is persuasive or informative
Term
Informative Speech
Definition
you seek to create understanding, enlighten
Term
Performance Visualization
Definition
argues that you can reduce the outward signs of apprehension and the negative thinking that creates anxiety by developing a postive attitude and self-perception and modeling your performance on that of an especially effective speaker
Term
Persuasive Speech
Definition
you try to influence attitudes or behaviors
Term
Plagarism
Definition
passing off the work of others as your own
Term
Primary Sources
Definition
nothing, or very little, standing between the event and the reporting of it
Term
Search Directory
Definition
nested list of topics
Term
Secondary Sources
Definition
someone stands between the actual event and the report
Term
Systematic Desensitization
Definition
you can reduce fear through a process of gradually adapting to lesser and then successively greater versions of the thing you fear
Term
Taboo
Definition
prohibited or restricted by culture
Term
Topoi
Definition
ask yourself a series of questions about your general subject
Term
Tree Diagrams
Definition
divide your topic repeatedly into its constituent parts
Term
Value
Definition
your perception of the worth or goodness of some concept or idea
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