A) Transverse ligament integrity; biciptial tendonosis/tendonopathy

B) Neutral, 90 elbow flexion, pronated --> resist supination & shoulder ER

C) Biceps LH "pop out", pain

A) Bicipital tendonosis/tendonopathy

B) 90 degrees shoulder flexion, supination --> resist flexion

C) Pain in LH Biceps

A) Impingement of ST of shoulder, LH biceps, supraspinatus

B) Empty can position in flexion and/or abduciton

C) Reproduced pain in within shoulder region

A) Tear and/or impingement of supraspinatus tendon or suprascapular neuropathy

B) First, resisted ABD @ 90 neutral; Second, IR & Hor ADD in scaption

C) Pain in supraspinatus and/or weakness in second position

A) Identifies tear and/or full rupture of rotator cuff

B) Sitting, passive shoulder ABD to 120 --> slowly lower arm to side (guard)

C) Unable to lower arm back down to side

A) Labral tear and/or AC involvement

B) Shoulder flexed to 90, 10 hor ADD, IR w/ IR --> compression at wrist (can compare between ER & IR)

C) Deep pain at GH = labral; superficial pain at AC = AC joint dysfuction

A) Superior GH labral tear (SLAP lesion)

B) Supine, shoulder 120 ABD, max ER, 90 elbow flexion

--> actively flex elbow

C) Pain reproduction

A) Impingement between post RC and greater tuberosity or greater glenoid and labrum

B) Supine, 90 shoulder ABD, max ER, 15 - 20 Hor ADD

C) Pain in posterior shoulder

A) Glenoid labrum tear

B) Supine, full shoulder ABD --> push humeral head anterior while ER

C) crepitus

A) Past Hx of anterior shoulder dislocation

B) supine, 90 shoulder ABD & ER

C) Pt won't allow movement or notes discomfort/instability

*stabilize at anterior GHJ region and reperform test --> improvement of symtoms

A) Past Hx of post shoulder dislocation

B) Supine, shoulder ABD 90 in scaption, stabilize scapula

--> posterior force through elbow, IR & hor ADD

C) Pt doesn't allow and/or enjoy movement

A) AC joint dysfunction

B) squeeze AP/PA through scapula and clavicle

C) Pain at AC joint

A) Pathology of structures that pass through TO

B) Sitting, radial pulse, rotate head towards side being tested --> extend neck & ER, extend shoulder

C) Absent or diminished pulse and/or neuological symptoms

A) Pathology of structures that pass through TO

B) Sitting, radial pulse --> "military posture", elevate and depress shoulder in neutral position

C) Absent or diminished pulse (compression of subclavian artery between the first rib and clavicle)

A) Structures that pass through TO

B) Sitting, radial pulse --> max ABD, ER; deep breath and contra head rotation may accentuate

C) Absent or diminished pulse

A) Pathology of structures that pass through TO

B) Standing, bilat shoulders abduct to 90, max ER, scaption; elbow flexed to 90 --> o/c hands for 3 min

C) Absent or diminished radial pulse; unable to hold testing position, weakness, sensory loss, or ischemic pain

A) MCL tear

B) Sitting, shoulder ABD, full elbow flexion -->

resisted elbow extension with ER applying valgus force

C) Pain at medial elbow & experienced between 120 - 70 degrees

1. Palpable pain at lateral epicondyle

2. Pain with resisted wrist extension

3. Pain with resisted 3rd finger extension

A) Identifies a median nerve entrapment within pronator teres

B) Sitting with elbow flexed 90 flexion and supported/stabilized --> resist forearm pronation, elbow extension simultaneously

C) N/T within median nerve distribution

A) de Quervain's tenosynovitis (abductor pollicis longus and/or extensor pollicis brevis)

B) Make fist --> passive ulnar deviation

C) Pain in wrist

A) Ulnar nerve dysfunction

B) Grasp paper between first and second digitis of hand

--> pull paper out and look for IP flexion of thumb (compensation)

C) Patient unable to hold paper, compensation

A) Median (@ wrist/carpals) & Ulnar (@ elbow/cubital) dysfuction

B) Tap at respective areas (~2 minutes)

C) N/T into median or ulnar distribution

A) Identifies vascular compromise

B) Identify ulnar and radial arteries at wrist -->

o/c fingers quickly several times then make fist; thumb, occlude ulnar artery and have pt open hand -->

Observe palm of hand and release compression, filling; repeat for radial

C) Abnormal filling of blood within hand

A) Carpal tunnel compression of median nerve

B) Maximally flex both wrists holding them against one another for 1 minute (Phalen's); Prayer pose for 1 minutes (Reverse-Phalen)

C) N/T in median nerve

A) Dislocated lunate

B) Make a fist

C) Observe MCP carpal rows; 3rd metacarpal is level with 2nd and 4th

A) Presence of scaphoid fracture

B) Pronated, stabilized with one hand grasping radial side of wrist with one hand with thumb over scaphoid -->

passive UD & ext then RD & flex

C) "clunk" @ scaphoid when compression released

A) Presence of scaphoid fracture

B) Passive ABD/ext of thumb at MCP -->

compressive load through first CMC

C) Pain with compression