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Special Senses
Terms and facts about the special senses.
65
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
02/17/2012

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Term
Tarsal Gland
Definition
Eyelid, oil lubricates.
Term
Conjunctiva
Definition
Lines eyelids, connects to outer eye (sclera), makes mucus to lubricate.
Term
Lacrimal Apparatus
Definition
Lacrimal Gland, Canaliculi, Sac & Duct.
Term
Lacrimal Gland
Definition
Makes tears.
Term
Lacrimal Canaliculi
Definition
Drains tears from eyes medially.
Term
Lacrimal Sac
Definition
Collects tears; passage of tears toward nasal cavity.
Term
Nasolacrimal Duct
Definition
Empties tears into nasal cavity.
Term
Lysozyme
Definition
Bacteria killing enzyme in tears.
Term
Medial Rectus
Definition
Adduction; III Oculomotor.
Term
Lateral Rectus
Definition
Abduction; VI Abducens.
Term
Superior Rectus
Definition
Elevation; III Oculomotor.
Term
Inferior Rectus
Definition
Depression; III Oculomotor.
Term
Inferior Oblique
Definition
Lateral Rotation; III Oculomotor.
Term
Superior Oblique
Definition
Medial Rotation; IV Trochlear.
Term
Sclera
Definition
Fibrous; "white of the eye".
Term
Cornea
Definition
Refraction; clear,anterior portion.
Term
Choroid
Definition
Vascular; blood-rich layer.
Term
Ciliary Body
Definition
Accommodation. Muscle and process; smooth muscle attached to lens.
Term
Iris
Definition
Regulates light, pigmented, circular(bright light) and radial(dim light) muscles.
Term
Pupil
Definition
Round hole in iris.
Term
Retina
Definition
Sensory; pigmented layer and neural layer with rods and cones.
Term
Rods
Definition
Shapes and black & white.
Term
Cones
Definition
Color, visual acuity; many in central fovea.
Term
Optic Disc
Definition
Blind spot; nerve,artery & vein enters/exits.
Term
Cataracts
Definition
Lens gets hard and opaque.
Term
Aqueous Humor
Definition
Nutrients; fluid between lens & cornea.
Term
Vitreous Humor
Definition
Nutrients; gel-like fluid in vitreous chamber.
Term
Accommodation
Definition
Fatten or flatten; lens.
Term
Emmetropia
Definition
Normal vision.
Term
Myopia
Definition
Nearsighted.
Term
Hyperopia
Definition
Farsighted.
Term
Astigmatism
Definition
Blurry spots.
Term
Glaucoma
Definition
Increasing pressure can cause blindness; tonometery (test).
Term
Hemianopia
Definition
Loss of visual field; damage to visual cortex.
Term
Lens
Definition
Flattens & fattens; biconvex.
Term
Intraocular Pressure
Definition
Holds retina up against choroid, helps with nerve firing.
Term
Optic Chiasma/Tract
Definition
1/2 of optic nerve crosses, 1/2 stays on same side.
Term
Convergence
Definition
Binocular vision.
Term
External Ear
Definition
Auricle, External Auditory Meatus, Tempanic Membrane.
Term
Middle Ear
Definition
Ossicles; malleus,incus & stapes, eustachian tube.
Term
Inner Ear
Definition
Semicircular canals & cochlea.
Term
Cerumen
Definition
Ear wax.
Term
Typanic Membrane
Definition
Ear drum.
Term
Auditory Tube
Definition
Eustachian tube; connects to nasopharynx.
Term
Cochlea
Definition
Hearing.
Term
Vestibule
Definition
Balance; static equilibrium.
Term
Semicircular Canals
Definition
Balance; dynamic equilibrium.
Term
Maculae
Definition
Balance; vestibule.
Term
Otolith
Definition
Balance; crystals in vestibule.
Term
Dynamic Balance
Definition
Balance during movement.
Term
Crista Ampullaris
Definition
Balance; in ampulla of semicirular canals.
Term
Organ of Corti
Definition
Hearing; in cochlea.
Term
Perilymph
Definition
Fluid in cochlea moves basilar membrane
of the organ of corti.
Term
Filiform Papillae
Definition
Sharp, no taste buds.
Term
Fungiform Papaillae
Definition
Rounded with taste buds on the side.
Term
Circumvallate Papillae
Definition
Large with taste buds on the sides.
Term
Gustatory Receptors
Definition
Chemoreceptors of taste buds.
Term
Cranial Nerves for Taste
Definition
VII Facial, IX Glossopharyngeal, X Vagus.
Term
5 Taste Sensation
Definition
Sweer, Sour, Bitter, Salty, Umami/savory.
Term
Strabismus
Definition
"Cross Eyes"
Term
Ophthalmia Neonatorum
Definition
Conjunctvitis from gonorrhea; mother to baby.
Term
Presbyopia
Definition
"Old eyes"; accommodation loss, lens loses elasticity.
Term
Presbycusis
Definition
Hearing loss.
Term
Otosclerosis
Definition
Arthritis of the ear bones.
Term
Olfactory Receptors
Definition
Nasal cavity; impulses via olfactory nerve to the primary olfactory cortex.
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