Term
Listening Comprehension Approach to Lang. Learning:
- James J. Asher, 1960's
-students aquire receptive skills through intensive practice by listening& physically reacting
-not required to produce spoken lang. until physically responded
-Use gestures, actions, commands
-Input constant and varies, not repetitive
Students walking, standing, pointing, no threat environment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Natural Approach
-Tracy D. Terrell, 1970's
- based in part by Stephen Krashen's theory
- cooperative
-Content of message
-Low anxiety environment
- Teacher modifies speech using TPR and pictures
-Students work in pairs small groups
-Students support and encourage one another |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Audio-Lingual Method:Manipulation of Structures is main focus
- U.S defense Forces, World War 2, 1960's
-stimulus response theory
-interdisciplinary approach
-Memorizing
-Patterning
-Stuructured
-First Listening then Imitating by drills &excersises
* |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Grammatical Method: Latin & greek classrooms used this approach
- grammatical forms & patterns
-reading & translation
-Interpretive
- Speaking by conjugating verbs & reading stories aloud
-Grammar rules & Vocab lists
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Communitive Approach: task based method, cultural & inta- cultural Learning
- current, up to date for teaching proficiency
- use of real language, real situations, everyday terms
-Informal techniques, media, music, role-play for cultural meaning
4 R's:
Reading
Writing
Conversation
Culture
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Content Based Approach: use of authentic materials
- Selecting a subect or topic that students have interest and grasp by allowing own existent focus to relay through it
- descriptive reports, popular media or science |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Total Physical Response: TPR-
- Role as parent & starts by saying a word & demonstrates action
-repeat word as doing the action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Discourse Analysis:
-comprhending cohesive meaning & use of linguistic units- arguments, conversations, or speeches
-Zellig S. Harris in 1952 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pragmatics:
Charles W. Morris
-distinction between speaker & sentence meaning; former being the literal or sign & latter the concept the speaker is trying to convey or interpret
-Seperate from semantics & syntax |
|
Definition
|
|
