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El cambio, evolucionar, modificar, alterar VS. Estancarse(stagnate-stay the same). |
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la resitencia-frenar(to slow down), cesar(to stop/cease), detener(to stop), oponerse a(oppose object to), rechazar, anular(annul, cancel), prohibir(ban), quejarse, desaprobar, subvertir(to subvert), socavar(to undermine). |
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el control-control, restringir(restrain), apoderarse(take power over), oprimir(oppress), manipular, subyugar(subjugate), impedir |
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resignarse, conformar, "Give uo"-rendirse |
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dirigir(to direct), encabezar(to head up), guiar(to guide) |
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La negacion-negar(to deny), negarse a(to refuse), privar(to deny, deprive of), prohibir(prohibit, deny) discrepar de(to disagree with), no estar de acuerdo, no respetar |
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la aceptacion-acoger(to welcome, invite), aprobar(to approve), promulgar(to pass an act, amendment,...), ratificar(confirm0, coincidir con (agree with), estar de acuerdo(agree with), permitir, consentir(agree to). |
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aprovecharse de, beneficiarse de, explotar(can be positive or negative) |
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Diffusion- la difusion-transmitir(transmit-send), difundir(spread), diseminar(spread ideas), repartir, distribuir |
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Stability vs. risk- estable, estabilidad, estabilizar, prevenir, precaver-to take precautions, cauteloso(cautious), precavido(cautious) vs. Precario(unstable), peligroso(dangerous), arriesgarse(to risk oneself) |
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Intersection of cultures, nations, foods |
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la interseccion de culturas, naciones,....intercambiar(exchange), hacer comercio(trade), asimilar(assimilate), adaptarse a(adapt to), integrarse(to integrate into), integrar, sintetizar(synthesize), diversificar, la fusion |
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La exclusion-marginar(marginalize), degradar(quitarle el valor, degrade), aislar(ostrocize), enajenar, excluir(exclude), homogenizar, "get rid of" la fusion s |
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inculcar(instill " values" "ideas), adiestrar(train), diestro(skilled), habil(skilled), capaz, la capacidad(skill), la habilidad(skill), la destreza(skill), dictar(teach a class0 |
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separarse, alejarse de(to remove oneself), distanciarse de |
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dar lugar a, tener como resultado, dar como resultado; (produce) producir, crear, generar; (cause) ocasionar, causar, provocar, acarrear(problems, dilemas, conflictos); (contribute) contribuir a |
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Provenir, originarse en, arraigarse en(tener raices en) |
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desvelar, poner de manifiesto, descrubir |
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"pay attention to" VS. Ignore |
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prestar atencion, vigilar(monitor) vs. hacer caso omiso, ignorer, desconocer(can me to know be aware or overlook) |
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superar, liberarse de, aliviarse de |
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discern(distiguish), distinguir(distiguish) |
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rendir( to produce vs. rendirse-to give up), producir; productivo, fructifero(productive, fruitfull); rendimiento(performance, production). |
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Increase and strenthen vs. Decrease and weaken El aumento |
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aumentar, incrementer( el incremento), proliferar(multiplicarse)(la proliferacion-multiplicacion), fortalecer-to make strong(fortalecimiento), intensificar VS. la disminuicion(reduction)-disminuir(reduce), reducir( la reduccion), aminorar(to make less), deteriorar(deterioro), decaer(perder fuerza)(decadencia), debilitarse- to weaken(debilitamiento-weakening), decrecer(decrease)(decrecimiento-decrease). |
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ayudar, amparar, el amparo, facilitar(hacer mas facil), auxiliar(el auxilio), proteger(la proteccion), util(useful, helpful) vs. dificultar(hacer mas dificil), interferir, no dejar progresar |
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alentar, fomentar(industry/competition/bad/habits/growth), estimular, motivar, promover(promote/encourage) |
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prescindir de, erradicar(destroy completely), eliminar, exacerbar(to make worse) |
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evitar vs. " To confront"-afrontar, enfrentar, confrontar |
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empeorar(to make worse), agravar(make more severe) exacerbar(to make worse) |
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carecer de, faltar(to be lacking,lack) escasear(to be scarse); escasez(shortage), escaso(scarse) |
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es imprescindible que, es indispensable que, es necesario que |
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proporcionar, aportar(give); otorgar, conceder(grant); proveer, suministrar(provide) |
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influiren, tener un impacto, repercutir(have negative consequence, tener como consequencia, contribuir a; perjudicia,danar(perjudicial,danino,nocivo, perniciose(harmful)(harm);poner en riesgo, comprometer( jeopardize); beneficiar,hacer,prosperar(make prosper)(beneficioso,provechoso), mejorar(improve) |
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apremiante(pressing,urgent), adverse(adverse-negative), contrario |
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favorable, auspicioso(promising), alentador(encouraging), eficaz, eficiente, provechoso(beneficial,useful,profitable) |
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esforzarse, empenarse(to insist on), esmerarse,dedicarse a |
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Obtener(to get)(object), conseguir(attain), recibir, adquirir |
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aspirar a___________(aspire to), buscar, dedicarse a____ |
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Every day(la vida cotidiana-every day life) |
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la contaminacion9pollution)-contaminar- to pollute, el calentamientoglobal(globalwarning),preservar(converse)conservar(conserve), reciclar(recycle), vigilar( to look out for),refugio(refuge),medioambiente(enviorment),medioambiental(enviormental)elsuelo(land),abastacimiento(supply0,suministro(supply),recurso(resource)renovable(renewable),inagotable(inexhaustible),drretir(melt), derritimiento(melting), enfriar |
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la rentabilidad-return on investment, asequible-affordable, divisa-currency, desarollo sustentable(substentable(sustainable development) el declive economico-economic decline |
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rehen-hostage,secuestrar(to kidnap),amenazar(to threaten) |
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(to intend to) vs. (to pretend) |
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(ir a) vs (to attend to, take care of) |
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(to make happen, carry out; llevar a cabo) vs darse cuenta de, reconocer(realize) |
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(to spend time) vs. Aprobar(to pass laws, regulations...) |
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on condition that, provided that |
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while, so long as,as long as |
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