Term
Where is the stress in:
Words that end in a vowel, n, or s? |
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Definition
Second to last syllable is stressed
example: tra BA jo ---- ends in vowel |
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Term
Where is the stress in:
Words that do not end in vowel, n, or s? |
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Definition
| Last syllable is stressed |
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Term
| What are the common feminine noun endings? (there are exceptions) |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the common masculine noun endings? (There are exceptions) |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you make nouns plural? |
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Definition
1. For nouns that end in a vowel, add s
example: libro- libros
2. For nouns that end in a consonant add es
ex: reloj-relojes
3. For nouns that end in a z, change to c and add es
ex: lápiz- lapices |
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Term
| What are the 4 forms of the article: "The"? |
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Definition
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Term
| Words that mean is/are (location/temporary)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Word that means There is, there are? |
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Definition
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Term
| Adjectives of quality come...? |
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Definition
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Term
| Adjectives of quantity...? |
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Definition
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Term
| Adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun they modify- True or false? |
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Definition
True,
Ex: el libro rojo
las mesas rojas |
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Term
| Words that mean is/are (description/permanent)? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
uno=1
dos=2
tres=3
cuatro=4
cinco=5
seis=6
siete=7
ocho =8
nueve =9
diez=10
once=11
doce =12
trece=13
catorce=14
quince=15
dieciséis=16
diecisiete=17
dieciocho=18
diecinueve=19
viente=20 |
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Term
| What does "uno" turn to when before a masculine and feminine noun? |
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Definition
Masculine- Un (un libro)
Feminine- Una (una mesa) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three forms of "Gusta" |
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Definition
Me Gusta - i like
Te gusta- you like
Le gusta- he/she likes |
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Term
| What does gusta become when plural? |
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Definition
Gustan
Ex: Me gustan los libros |
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Term
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Definition
When 2 vowels occur together and one of them is an "i" or "u". The 2 vowels blend together to form 1 sound
Ex: entIEndo= ie become one sound |
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Term
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Definition
I, you, he/she/it, we, you all, they
Yo, Tu, El/ella/UD, nosotros, Vosotros, Ellos/ellas/UDS |
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Term
| When do you use Tú or Usted? |
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Definition
Tú- people you know well and waiters
Ud- older people, respectable people, stranger |
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Term
How do you use possession?
How would you say Miguel's backpack? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Mi coche (my car) or if plural mis coches
Tu coche (your car) or if plural tus coches
Su coche (his/her/your car) or if plural sus coches
Nuestro/a coche (our car) or if plural nuestros/as
Vuestro/a coche (your) or if plural vuestros/as
Su coche (their/your) or if plural sus |
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Term
| Present Tense AR verb endings |
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Definition
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Term
| Present Tense ER verb endings |
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Definition
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Term
| Present Tense IR verb endings |
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Definition
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Term
| Negative Responses/Sentences |
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Definition
1. Placing "No" in front of verb, makes sentence negative.
2. Use the word "No" twice when answering a question in the negative.
3. Use the word "No" once when answering a question in the positive.
4. Add nunca (never) or jamas (never) at end of sentence to add emphasis (no trabajo aqui nunca)
5. Use double negatives (no necesito nada)
Page 58 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| When there are 2 verbs together with same subject, the second verb will always be the infinitive (not conjugated) |
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Definition
Example: Yo necessito trabajar.
(only first verb is conjugated) |
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Term
| Asking Questions in Spanish: |
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Definition
¿Qué? - What?
¿Cómo? - How?
¿Cuándo? - When?
¿Cuántos? / ¿Cuántas? - How many?
¿Cuánto? / ¿Cuánta? - How much?
¿Adónde?- to where?
¿Dónde? - Where?
¿De Dónde?- From Where?
¿Por qué? - Why?
¿Quién? - Who?
¿Cuál?- Which?
¿Cuán?- How + adj |
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Term
| Irregular Verbs in Present Tense |
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Definition
Ir- voy, vas, va, vamos, vais, van
Dar- doy, das,da,damos,dais,dan
hacer-hago,haces,hace,hacemos,haceis,hacen
poner-pongo,pones,pone,ponemos,poneis,ponen
tener-tengo,tienes,tiene,tenemos,tienen,tienen
venir-vengo, vienes, viene,venimos, venis, vienen
decir- digo, dices, dice, decimos, decis, dicen
ver- veo, ves, ve, vemos, veis, ven
oír-oigo, oyes, oye, oimos, ois, oyen
salir- salgo, sales, sale, salimos, salis, salen
traer- traigo, traes, trae, traemos, traeis, traen
ofrecer-ofrezco, ofreces, ofrece, ofrecemos, ofreceis, ofrecen |
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Term
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Definition
20: Veinte, Veinteuno, veintidos, etc.
30:treinta, treinta y uno, etc
40:cuarenta
50:cincuenta
60:sesenta
70: setenta
80: ochenta
90: noventa
100: cien |
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Term
| Adjectives can be used as a substitute for noun |
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Definition
Example:
¿necesitas el libro verde?
no, no necesito el verde.
No need to say libro, just say adjective that describes it. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| There are 2 contractions in Spanish. |
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Definition
Del-
de+el=del
Ex: el coche del hombre es feo
Al-
a+el=al
ex: ellos dan un cuaderno al profesor |
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Term
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Definition
This: este, esta
These: estos, estas
That: ese, esa
Those:esos, esas
That/Those (way far away)-aquel, aquela, aquellos, aquellas |
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Term
| Know 3 types of stem-changing verbs and their conjugation |
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Definition
e>ie (querer,preferir, empezar,entender, mentir, pentir)
o>ue (poder, dormir, volver, jugar, volar,costar, encontrar)
e>i (pedir, servir, corregir, seguir) |
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Term
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Definition
Algun- a (masc)
alguna- a (fem)
algunos- some (masc)
algunas-some (fem)
Only singular form of ningun.
Ningún- masculine
ninguna- fem
example: no necesito ningún libro. |
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Term
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Definition
100 Cien
200 Doscientos (as)
300 Trescientos (as)
400 Cuatrocientos (as)
500 Quinientos (as)
600 Seiscientos (as)
700 Setecientos (as)
800 Ochocientos (as)
900 Novecientos (as)
1,000 Mil
1.900 mil novecientos/as
2.000 Dos mil
10.000 diez mil
383.000 trescientos ochenta y tres mil
1.000.000 millón
2.383.232 dos mllones, tresciento, ochenta y tres mil, doscientos treinta y dos
1.000.000.000.000 un billón |
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Term
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Definition
Primer (o, a, os, as)-first
segundo (a, os,as)- second
tercer (o,a,os,as)- third
último (a,os,as)- last |
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Term
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Definition
| lunes, martes, miércoles, jueves, viernes, sábado, domingo |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| enero, febrero, marzo, abril, mayo, junio, julio, agosto, septiembre, octubre, noviembre, diciembre |
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Term
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Definition
| May 5th- el 5 (cinco) de mayo |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How to say your birthday correctly |
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Definition
veinticuatro de enero 1992
Day/Month/Year |
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Term
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Definition
Soy somos
eres sois
es son
uses:
1. permanent characteristic
2. origin
3. material
4. possession
5. to be used for
6. to be given to
7. telling time
8. nationality
9. profession
10. affiliation (religion, politics)
11. certain expressions (es importante, etc) |
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Term
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Definition
uses of estar:
1. location
2. temporary condition
3. health/emotional state
4. -ing
5. certain expressions
estoy estamos
estás estáis
está están |
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Term
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Definition
1. use the verb ser for telling time.
Son las dos (it is 2:00)
always feminine and plural.
2. Only 1:00 is singular (es la una)
3. What time is it? (qué hora es?)
4. Saying a.m. or p.m. Use de la manana, de la tarde, de la noche
5. 12:30= son las doce y media
3:15=son las tres y cuarto
3:45=son las cuatro menos cuarto
5. When wanting to say "in the morning" without a specific time say: por la manana |
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Term
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Definition
going to....
Formula: ir + a + infinitive
use: voy, vas,va,vamos,vais, van
example: voy a trabajar ( i am going to work) |
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Term
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Definition
formula: tener x anos
ex: tengo 19 anos |
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Term
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Definition
when the object of a sentence is a person, the word "a" is required.
example: yo visito a mi abuelo mucho |
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Term
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Definition
formula: tener +que+the infinitive
tengo que estuidar ( i have to study) |
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Term
| Expressing Smallness/Diminutivos |
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Definition
1. add ito/ita/itos/itas to nouns that end in a, o, l
example: libroito, papelito
2. add cito, cita, citos, citas to nouns that end in a consonant (except l) or e
example: carmencita |
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Term
| Present Progressive (ing) |
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Definition
Estar +verb+ending
AR ending-ando
ER/IR ending-iendo
Example: Él está hablando |
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Term
| Irregular Present Progressive |
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Definition
1. When the letter "i" falls between 2 vowels, it changes to "y"
example: creer>creiendo>creyendo
2. There are stem changes such as pedir (pidiendo) and dormir (durmiendo). Memorize them (10 of em) |
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Term
Con Permiso
Perdón
Disculpe |
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Definition
Con permiso- When you want to get by someone (excuse me)
Perdón- when you want someone to forgive you (im sorry)
Disculpe- when you want someones attention (excuse me) |
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Term
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Definition
To know info/facts
to know how to do something (skills)
sé
sabes
sabe
sabemos
sabéis
saben |
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Term
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Definition
To familiar with someone, know someone
To meet someone for first time
being familiar with a place or having visited a place
conozco
conoces
conoce
conocemos
conocéis
conocen |
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Term
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Definition
Tener +ganas de+ infinitive
ex: tengo ganas de comer ( i feel like eating, i have a desire to eat) |
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Term
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Definition
tener miedo (to be afraid)
tener frio ( to be cold)
tener calor (to be hot)
tener hambre (to be hungry)
tener sed ( to be thirsty)
tener prisa ( to be in a hurry)
tener razon (to be right)
tener (sueno) to be sleepy |
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Term
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Definition
estar cansado (to be tired)
estar nervioso (to be nervous)
estar ocupado (to be busy)
estar preocupado (to be worried)
estar alegre ( to be happy)
estar triste ( to be sad)
estar contento (to be content)
estar enfermo (to be sick)
estar despierto (to be awake) |
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Term
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Definition
1. mente adverbs
to get an adverb, add (mente) to the end of adj. similar to the ly in english.
ex: normalmente
2. for adj that end in o, change it to a.
ex: exacto>exacta>exactamente |
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Term
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Definition
Bueno and Malo are adjectives that modify nouns.
ex: tengo un coche bueno. ( i have a good car)
Bien and mal are adverbs and modify verbs
ex: el canta bien ( he sings well) |
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Term
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Definition
tambien- means also, too, as well
tampoco- means either, negative form of tambien |
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Term
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Definition
1. More Than
mas +adjective + que (maria es mas inteligente que jose)
2. Less than
menos+adj+que (maria es menos inteligente que jose)
3. as....as
tan+adj+tan (maria es tan inteligente como miguel)
4. The ....est (most)
el/la mas +adj+de.. (maria es la mas inteligente de la clase) |
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Term
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Definition
Tanto modifies a noun or verb.
as much/as many
so much/so many
that much/that many
tanto/a/os/as
ex: no tengo tanto tiempo como miguel. (i dont have as much time as miguel)-Noun
ex: no viajo tanto (i dont tavel that much)-Verb |
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Term
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Definition
Adverb modifying an adjective or adverb.
It means- so/as
ex: La ciudad es tan fria que no quiero vivir aqui. (the city is so cold that i dont want to live here)-Adj.
ex: por que cantas tan mal? (why do you sing so badly)-Adv |
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Term
| Saying mine, yours, ours, his hers, theirs... |
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Definition
mío/a/os/as- mine
tuyo/a/os/as- yours
suyo/a/os/as- his/hers/theirs
nuestro/a/os/as- ours
vuestro/a/os/as- yours
suyo/a/os/as- theirs |
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Term
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Definition
With me, you, him/her/us/you all/they
conmigo con nosotros
contigo con vosotros
con él/ella/Ud. con ellos/ellas/Uds. |
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Term
| Regular Preterite Endings |
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Definition
AR: é, aste, ó, amos, asteis, aron
ER and IR: í, iste, ió, imos, isteis, ieron |
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Term
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Definition
Endings: e,iste,o,imos,isteis,ieron
Tener>tuv
poder>pud
querer>quis
estar>estuv
venir>vin
hacer>hic(z)
andar>anduv
saber>sup |
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Term
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Definition
dar-di,diste,dio,dimos,disteis,dieron
ver-vi,viste,vio,vimos,visteis,vieron
ser/ir-fui,fuiste,fue,fuimos,fuisteis,fueron
oír-oí, oíste,oyó,oímos,oísteis,oyeron
hay-hubo (there was) |
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Term
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Definition
All stem changing preterites have IR endings.
Only the bottom row (he/she and they) has stem changes.
pg 166
pedir-pidío,pidieron
dormir-durmió,durmieron
servir-sirvió, sirvieron
mentir-mintió, mintieron
morir-murió,murieron
seguir-siguió, siguieron
preferir-prefirió, prefirieron
repetir-repitió, repitieron |
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Term
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Definition
How long have you...?
1. Cuanto tiemo hace que +verb in present tense (how much time does it make that?/how long have you...)
ex:cuanto tiempo hace que trabas aqui? (how long have you worked here?)
2. Hace x que +verb in present (it makes x minutes/years/days/etc that...)
ex: hace 2 anos que trabajo aqui (i have worked here 2 years) |
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Term
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Definition
It means I just....
acabo de acabamos de
acabas de acabais de
acaba de acaban de
ex: acabo de comer (i just ate) |
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