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Definition
| solution in which atleast 1 substance is dissolved in water |
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| Substance that gets dissolved; present in smaller amount |
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| substance that gets dissolved; present in the larger amount |
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Definition
| When a solute particle is completely surrounded by solvent |
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Definition
Like dissolves like
-polar+polar=yes
-nonpolar+nonpolar=yes
-polar+nonpolar=no
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Definition
| Substances that conduct electricity when dissolved in water |
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Definition
| Substances that don't conduct electricity when dissolved in water |
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Definition
| Amount of substance in a given space |
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Definition
Unit of concentration
Moles of solute per liters of solution
mol/L |
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Definition
(Volume of solute/volume of solution)x100%
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Definition
| (Mass of solute/mass of solution)x100% |
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Definition
| A graph made from predetermined values used to figure out unknown values |
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Definition
The ability to dissolve
state:aqueous |
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Definition
Does not dissolve
state: solid |
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Definition
| Write the chemical equation so any ionic compound in any solution is represented |
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Definition
| when you ONLY show the substances that are reacting or changing |
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Definition
ions that appear in aqueous solutions on each side of the equation
Dont actually react (just present) |
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Definition
| Decrease the proportion of Solute/solution |
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Term
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Definition
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| Factors Affecting Solubility |
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Definition
| Stirring, Solute/solvent composition, temperature, surface area of the dissolving particles |
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Definition
| Increase rate because increasing speed and force that the particles hit. Harder hit allows solvent to impact and surround the solute easier. |
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Definition
| Increasing temperature increasing the average kinetic energy of the particles hit harder and faster. easier for solvent to surround solute |
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Term
| Survace area of the dissolving particles |
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Definition
Want a large SA of solute exposed to the solvent since dissolving refers to solvents ability to surround solute
smaller pieces increase SA since more faces are exposed |
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Definition
| A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at that temp. |
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Definition
| contains less solute than saturated solution |
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Definition
| Contains more solute than it theoretically should be able to |
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Definition
| 2 liquids completely dissolved in each other |
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| 2 liquids do not dissolve in each other |
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Definition
| Depends on the number of particles (dissolved in soln) but NOT the type |
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Term
| Freezing Point Depression |
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Definition
When solute is added to solvent, the freezing point of the soln will be lower than the freezing point of the pure solvent.
Solute DISRUPTS the ORDER-->need to take out more energy to freeze |
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Term
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Definition
| When solute is added to solvent the BP of the solution will be higher than the BP of the pure solvent |
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Definition
| The VP of a solvent will be lower if solute is added because less will vaporize and so less gas is available to leave and exert pressure |
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Term
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Definition
▲TF=KF x molality x pieces
▲TB=KB x molality x pieces
Units for K= Degrees Celcius/molality |
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Definition
Moles of solute/ kg solvent
another unit for concentration |
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Definition
At a given temperature, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid.
As P inc., S inc.
As temperature of a solution within a gas increases, solubility of a gas decreases |
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Definition
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Definition
Mixtures from which particles settle out upon standing
Different than solution because particles are much larger and DO NOT stay suspended over time |
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Definition
Heterogeneous mixtures with particles that range in size from 1 to 1000nm. Particles larger than those in solution but smaller then those in a suspension. Particles spread thoughout a dispersion medium
Tyndall effect |
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Term
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Definition
Scattering of Visible Light
Colloids do this |
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Definition
| collisions of material of molecules with dispersion medium with dispersed particles |
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| Colloidial dispersion of a liquid in a liquid |
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