Term
| What were the different solar system origin hypothesis? |
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Definition
1. Passing Star
2. Nebular
3. Solar Nebular |
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Term
What are the two broad catagories of solar system origin hypothesis?
Describe and state what they imply |
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Definition
1. Eolutionary- Suggest that common, gradual processes produced the sun and planets and this hypothesis implys that solar systems and stars are very common
2. Catastrophic- Suggests that unlinkely, sudden events created the solar system. This hypothesis implys that solar systems are very rare |
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Term
| What is the passing star hypothesis |
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Definition
| Suggested our solar system was formed when two stars passed near each other and material was pulled out of one to form other planets |
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Term
| Who was george- Louis Buffon? |
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Definition
| He created the passing star hypothesis |
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Term
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Definition
| He created the first evolutionary hypothesis of solar system creation |
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Term
| What was the first physical theory of solar system creation? |
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Definition
| That the sun & planets were created when a large vortex contracted and condensed |
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Term
| What is the solar nebular theory |
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Definition
| Suggested that the solar system formed from a rotating cloud of dust and gas |
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Term
| What is the nebular hypothesis |
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Definition
| The solar system formed out of a rotating cloud of dust |
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Term
| Who created the nebular theory |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the angular momentum problem? |
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Definition
| The nebula theory would suggest that the sun has the most angular momentum in the solar system when in reality it rotates reletivly slowly compared to the planets |
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Term
| what is an extra solar planet? |
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Definition
| a planet orbiting a star other than the sun |
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Term
| What is a terrestrial planet & what are their names? |
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Definition
| Earth- like planet small, dense, and rocky and they are mercury, venus, earth, earths moon & mars |
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Term
| What is a jovian planet & which planets are jovian? |
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Definition
| Jupiter like planet with large diameter and low density and they include jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune |
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Term
| What are the galilean satelites? |
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Definition
| Jupiters 4 moons named after their discoverer Galileo |
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Term
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Definition
| A small rocky world, most asteroids lie between Mars and Jupiter in the asteroid belt |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the small, icy bodies that orbit the sun and produce tails of gas |
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Term
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Definition
| A small bit of matter heated by friction to incandescent vapor as it falls into earths atmosphere |
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Term
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Definition
| A meteor in space before it enters earths atmosphere |
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Term
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Definition
| A meteor that has survived its passage through the atmosphere and strikes the ground |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the small bodies that formed from the solar nebula and eventually grew into a protoplanet |
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Term
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Definition
| When particles stick together to create a larger particle |
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Term
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Definition
| Massive objects resulting from the coalenscence of planetesimals in the solar nebula that will eventually become a planet |
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Term
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Definition
| the seperation of material according to density |
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Term
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Definition
| the creation of planetary atmosphere from a planets interior |
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Term
| What produced the iron in earths core and the heavier elements like iodine? |
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Definition
| Once a planet is melted, the process of differentiation would move the heavy metals- such as iron and iodine- towards the core while lighter silicates and related materials float to the surface to create a low density crust |
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Term
| What evidence can you cite that disks of gas and dust are common around young stars? |
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Definition
| 1. The hubble space telescope can see the silhouette of disks against the Orion nebula that surround newborn stars and astronomers also can detect hot, dense planet forming disks in the orion nebula and that 50% stars new and old in the orion nebula have disks. |
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Term
What process cleared the protoplanetary nebula away and ended planet building? |
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Definition
Exterior Processes:
1. Radiation from nearby hot stars evaporating the disk of dust and gas as well as the gravitational influence of other nearby stars pulling the gas away
Interior processes
2. Radiation pressure from the sun would have pushed against the small particles of the solar nebula but left larger particles like planets and planetisimals and planets would not be effected
3. Young stars with accelerated solar winds would also push left over particles out of the solar system
4.Left over particles being either swept up or pushed away by planets in motion |
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Term
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Definition
| in the solar nebula, the boundary beyond which water vapors and other compounds could form ice particles |
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