It is the base of the word.

If you can recognize the root word, you can figure out the word's meaning! Example: What is the meaning of the word invitation? Look for the root word, which is invite. What does invite mean? Right, asking someone to participate in something. So an invitation is the act of inviting someone. It's as simple as that!

(1) Examples: The story will provide you examples using key words such as "like, for instance, such as" to help you define the word.

(2) Restatements: The story will restate the meaning of the word using key words such as "that is, also, called or known as."
(3) Contrast: The story will give an example that is the opposite of the word you are trying to define. Key words such as "but, although, unlike or however" may be used.
(4) Cause & Effect: The story will give you words such as "as a result of, consequently, so, if...then" to help you figure out the word's meaning.

What is an analogy?

What word could complete this analogy?

artificial: real :: sprinted: ________

(1) An analogy is the study of how words are related to each other.

(2) A possible answer would be strolled. This is an example of an antonym analogy.

(1) Dictionary: It offers all of the definitions available for a given word.

(2) Thesaurus: It helps you find synonyms for a word.

(3) Glossary: This is found in many textbooks. It is a mini-dictionary. If a word appears in boldface in a text, this means you can look it up in the text's glossary.

(4) Index: This is an alphabetized list of information contained in a book (especially in textbooks) that includes the page number where information can be located. Page numbers that are in boldface show where a picture or diagram will be.

(5) Internet: You can find online dictionaries and thesauri here.

(1) Guide words: the words at the top of each page.

(2) Spelling: how the word and its different forms are spelled.

(3) Pronunciation: how to say the word.

(4)  Part of speech: the function of the word (example: noun or verb)

(5) Definition: the meaning of the word

(6) Synonyms: words that have similar meanings

(7) Etymology: the history of the word

(1) object: action (Example-feet:walk)

(2) source: product (Example- wool: year)

(3) part: whole (Example-branches: tree)

(4) animal: habitat (Example- chicken: coop)

What is a simile?

What is a metaphor?

(1) A simile compares two unlike things using the words "like" or "as." Keep in mind the word "similiar."

Example: The sun looked like a red rubber ball. It compares the sun and a rubber ball.

(2) A metaphor compares two unlike things, but does not use the words "like" or "as." It is very abstract and it's something you can really see only in your imagination.

Example: Harriet Tubman was the light that blazed a path for freedom. It compares Ms. Tubman and a light.

The setting is the time and place in which a story happens. It can also describe the span of time during which a story takes place.

Example Settings:

(1) July 4, 1776

(2) A spaceship

(3) The time period from 1904-1919

(4) Washington, D.C.

(1) Most of the time the character is a person, like Harry Potter. Sometimes it can be an animal or a thing such as the three little pigs.

What is conflict?

What is the difference between internal & external conflict?

(1) Conflict: It is the obstacle/problem that must be overcome.

(2) Internal Conflict (man vs. self): this is when the character must overcome something internally such as fear of failing.

External Conflict (man vs. man, man vs. nature or man vs. society): this is when the character must overcome another person, the natural elements (like a storm) or a society as a whole (example: Ratatouille)

What is alliteration?

What is onomatopoeia?

(1) Alliteration: The repetition of the same sound at the beginning of two or more words. Example: tree and trunk.

(2) Onomatopeia: This is where the sound a word makes when you say it echoes the sound the word represents. Example: Splash, boom, drip, buzz

An inference is similar to a conclusion. An inference is an educated guess. Readers use their prior knowledge to make an inference.

So:

Information from the text + Prior Knowledge = Inference

(1) What does it mean to summarize?

(2) What does it mean to paraphrase?

(1) Summarize: You restate information in shortened form

(2) Paraphrase: You restate information in your own words.

(1) It is information organized in order past to present or present to past (first to last or last to first).

(2) It is commonly found in biographies or histories. There are often dates and key transition words like" after, next, following.

(1) It is when information is organized in steps.

(2) It is commonly found in instructions or how-to manuals. There are often times numbered steps and transition words such as first, next, second and finally.

(1) It is when two or more different people, things, or events are compared (show similiarities) and contrasted (show differences).

(2) Thisis typically found in reviews or literary analyses. There are transition words such as: both, on the other hand, however, by comparison.

Example: A car magazine article recommending one model of a truck over another.

What is cause & effect?

Where is it commonly found?

(1) Cause and effect is a situation explain by presenting a cause and examining its effect.

(2) It is commonly found in scientific papers and histories. Words such as resulting in or as a result are often used.

(1) Problem and solution is when a problem is presented and a solution is explained.

(2) This could be found in proposals. It often has transition words such as the solution, first and next.

Example: An neoghborhood newsletter article proposing a volunteer program.

(1) What does compare mean?

(2) What does contrast mean?

(1) Compare: find similarities

(2) Contrast: find differences