Term
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Definition
| Soils with well developed horizons or fully weathered minerals. This is from the adjustment to prevailing soil temperature and water conditions. |
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Term
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Definition
Equatorial, tropical and subtropical zones
subsurface horizon: clay accumulation and low base status (argillic horizon)
Reddish to yellowish color
Characteristic Veg.: Forest |
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Term
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Definition
Very old and weathered soils of low latitudes, very stable
subsurface horizon: accumulation of mineral oxides and a very low base status.
Characteristic Veg: Rainforest
lack distinct horizons except for darkened surface layers. |
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Term
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Definition
Soils of subtropical and tropical soils w/ high clay content and a high base(Ca & Mg) status.
Develop deep, wide cracks when dry.
soil blocks formed by cracking move with respect to each other
Black in color
Grass and Savanna w/ pronounced dry season |
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Term
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Definition
Humid and sub-humid climates
subsurface horizon: clay accum. high base status. Agrillic horizon (silicate clay minerals = Higher capacity to absorb minerals [Ca & Mg])
Range from equatorial to sub arctic latitude zones.
Grey brownish to reddish surface horizons
Surface is more pale due to eluviation |
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Term
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Definition
Cold, moist climates
B horizon of illuviation and low base (highly acidic) status.(Spodic horizon, reddish in color)
E horizon bleached pale grey to white due to eluviation. (Podzol/albic horizon)
Boreal Forest/needle-leaf forest |
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Term
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Definition
Semiarid and sub-humid mid latitude grasslands
Dark brown or black, Humus rich epipedon and a very high base status. (mollic Horizon)
High in Ca and very fertile |
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Term
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Definition
Dry climates,low in organic matter
subsurface horizons of accumulation: carbonate material or soluble salts.
pale grey - pale red |
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Term
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Definition
| Soils With large amounts of organic matter |
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Term
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Definition
Thick upper layer very rich in organic matter in very wet climates
accumulates in shallow ponds and lakes forming peat bogs |
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Term
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Definition
Soils with poorly developed horizons or no horizons
Capable of further mineral alteration. |
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Term
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Definition
Lacks horizons due to the recent accumulation of parent material.
Usually poor quality soil unless in warm, moist areas. |
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Term
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Definition
Weak horizon development
contains minerals that are capable of altering through weathering processes. |
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Term
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Definition
Weakly developed horizons
High proportion of glassy volcanic material/ash produced by erupting volcanoes
dark color
mostly fertile |
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