Term
|
Definition
| The techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human behavior in any society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A penalty or reward for conduct concerning a social norm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The act of going along with peers-individuals of our own status who have no special right to direct our behavior. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Compliance with higher authorities in a hierarchical structure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Social control that is carried out casually by ordinary people through such means as laughter, smiles, and ridicule. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Social control that is carried out by authorized agents, such as police officers, judges, school administers, and employers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Governmental social control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A view of conformity and deviance that suggests that our connection to members of society leads us to systematically conform to society's norms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Behavior that violates the standards of conduct or expectations of a group or society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A label used to devalue members of certain social groups. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A violation of criminal law for which some governmental authority applies formal penalties. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The eight types of crime reported annually by the FBI in the Uniform Crime Reports: Murder, Forcible Rape, Robbery, Aggravated Assault, Burglary, Larceny-Theft, Motor Vehicle Theft, and Arson. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A questionnaire or interview given to a sample of the population to determine whether people have been victims of crime. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Illegal acts committed by affluent, "respectable" individuals in the course of business activities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A term used by sociologists to describe the willing exchange among adults of widely desired, but illegal, goods and services. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The work of a group that regulates relations among criminal enterprises involved in illegal activities, including prostitution, gambling, and the smuggling and sale of illegal drugs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Crime that occurs across multiple national borders. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Durkheim's term for the loss of direction felt in a society when social control of individual behavior has become ineffective. |
|
|
Term
| Anomie Theory of Deviance |
|
Definition
| Merton's theory of deviance as an adaptation of socially prescribed goals or of the means governing their attainment, or both. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A school of criminology that argues that criminal behavior is learned through social interactions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A theory of deviance that holds that violation of rules results from exposure to attitudes favorable to criminal acts. |
|
|
Term
| Social Disorganization Theory |
|
Definition
| The theory that attributes increases in crime and deviance to the absence or breakdown of communal relationships and social institutions, such as the family, school, church, and local government. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An approach to deviance that attempts to explain why certain people are viewed as deviants while others engaged in the same behavior are not. |
|
|
Term
| Societal-Reaction Approach |
|
Definition
| Another name for labeling theory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Differences in the way social control is exercised over different groups. |
|
|
