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| The language, values, beliefs, norms, behaviors, and even material objects that characterize a group and are passed from one generation to the next. Organized sets of institutions (think of the five main social institutions). |
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| People who share a culture and a territory |
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| A new way of seeing reality; identified by William Ogburn as one of the three processes of social change. |
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| The spread of an invention or a discovery from one to another; identified by William Ogburn as one of the three processes of social change. |
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| The material objects that distinguish a group of people such as their art, buildings, weapons, utensils, machines, hairstyles, clothing, jewelry, etc. |
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| Nonmaterial Culture (also called symbolic culture) |
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| A group's way of thinking (including it's beliefs, values, and other assumptions about the world) and doing (its common patterns of behavior, including language and other forms of interaction); also called symbolic culture |
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| A system of symbols that can be combined in an infinite number of ways and can represent not only objects but also abstract thought. |
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| What is expected of people: the expectations (or rules) intended to guide people's behavior. |
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| Norms that are strictly enforce because they are thought essential to core values or well-being of the group. Moral basis for law. |
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| Norms that are not strictly enforced. Regional ways of acting; dialect, terms, etc. Ex: "soda" vs. "pop" vs. "coke" |
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| Either expression of approval given to people for upholding norms or expressions of disapproval for violating them. |
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| The standards by which people define what is desirable or undesirable, good or bad, beautiful or ugly, etc. |
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| A group whose values, beliefs, norms, and related behaviors place its member in opposition to the broader culture. |
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| The disorientation that people experience when they come in contact with a fundamentally different culture and can no longer rely on their taken-for-granted assumptions about life. |
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| The use of one's own culture as a "yardstick" for judging the ways of other individuals or societies, generally leading up to a negative evaluation of their values, norms, and behaviors. |
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| The practice of riding on an elevator backwards is an exercise in: |
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Which is the most difficult to change;
a. values, b. beliefs, c. norms, or d. value systems? |
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| Jethro receives a scholarship to attend a university. This is an example of a: |
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| Speech, local mannerisms, and like jargon are examples of: |
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| The practices such as the incest taboo that all societies value are known as |
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