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Sociology
Sociology Week Two
39
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
08/01/2010

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Term
Altruistic Suicide
Definition
the type of suicide that can occur when there is excessive regulation of individuals by social forces
Term
Anomic Suicide
Definition
the type of suicide occurring when there are disintegrating forces in the society that make individuals feel lost or alone
Term
Anomie
Definition
the condition existing when social regulations ( norms ) in a society break down
Term
Bioterrorism
Definition
a form of terrorism involving the dispersion of chemical or biological substances intended to cause widespread disease and death
Term
Crime
Definition
one form of deviance;specially,behavior that violates criminal laws
Term
Criminology
Definition
the study of crime from a scientific perspective
Term
Cyberterrorism
Definition
the use of the computer to commit one or more terrorist acts
Term
Deviance
Definition
behavior that is recognized as violating expected rules and norms
Term
Deviant Career
Definition
the sequence of movements people make through a particular system of deviance
Term
Deviant Community
Definition
groups that are organized around particular forms of social deviance
Term
Deviant Identity
Definition
the definition a person has of himself or herself as a deviant
Term
Differential Association Theory
Definition
theory that interprets deviance as behavior one learns through interaction with others
Term
Egoistic Suicide
Definition
the type of suicide that occurs when people feel totally detached from society
Term
Elite Deviance
Definition
the wrongdoing of wealthy and powerful individuals and organizations
Term
Hate Crime
Definition
assaults and other malicious acts ( including crimes against property ) motivated by various forms of bias, including that based on race, religion, sexual-orientation, ethnic and national origin, or disability
Term
Index Crimes
Definition
the FBI's tallying of violent crimes of murdur, manslaughter, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault, plus property crimes
Term
Labeling Theory
Definition
a theory that interprets the responses of others as most significant in understanding deviant behavior
Term
Master Status
Definition
some characteristic of a person that overrides all other features of the person's identity
Term
Medicalization of Deviance
Definition
explanations of deviant behavior that interpret deviance as the result of individual pathology or sickness
Term
Racial Profiling
Definition
the use of race alone as the criterion for deciding whether to stop and detain someone on suspicion of their having committed a crime
Term
Social Control
Definition
the process by which groups and individuals within those groups are brought into conformity with dominant social exceptions
Term
Social Control Agents
Definition
those who regulate and administer the response to deviance, such as the police, or mental health workers
Term
Social Control Theory
Definition
theory that explains deviance as the result of the weakening of social bonds
Term
Stigma
Definition
an attribute that is socially devalued and discredited
Term
Structural Strain Theory
Definition
a theory that interprets deviance as originating in the tensions that exist in society between cultural goals and the means people have to achieve those goals
Term
Terrorism
Definition
the unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government or population in furtherance of political or social objectives
Term
Aggregate
Definition
cluster of people who just happen to be similarly situated at the same time
Term
Social Group
Definition
set of 2 or more people who interact and in a manner that is defined by some common purpose, a set of norms, and a structure of statuses and roles within the group
Term
Primary Group
Definition
small # of people who interact over a long period of time on an intimate basis
Term
Secondary Group
Definition
involve a large # of people who interact on a temporary basis; no intimacy
Term
Dyad
Definition
smallest group possible; made of 2 people
Term
Triad
Definition
group of 3 people
Term
Instrumental Leader
Definition
" task leader " ; organizes a group to set & pursue goals; helps the group to define its job and determine the best way to do it
Term
Expressive Leader
Definition
" social emotional leader " ; well liked and creates harmony, keeps morals high and minimizes conflicts & achieves solidarity among group members by offering emotional support
Term
Group Conformity
Definition
refers to individual's compliance with group goals, even if the group's goals conflict with our individual goals
Term
Group Think
Definition
occurs when group members begin to think similarity and conform to one another's views
Term
Group Polarization
Definition
closely related to group think; a group moves towards a stonger position or more extreme course of action than ist members individually favor
Term
Risky Shift
Definition
groups making risky decisions due to " safety in numbers "
Term
Reference Group
Definition
group that one compares to when making self-evaluations; social groups that provide the standards in terms of which we evaluate ourselves
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