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| the language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and even material objects that are passed from one generation to the next |
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| the material objects that distinguish a group of ppl, such as their art, buildings, weapons, utensils, machines, hairstyles, clothing and jewelry |
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| (also called symbolic culture) a group's ways of thinking (including its beliefs, values, and other assumptions about the world) and doing(its common patterns of behavior, including language and other forms of interaction) |
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| the use of one's own culture as a yardstick for judging the ways of other individuals of societies, generally leading to a negative evaluation of their values, norms and behaviors |
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| not judging a culture but trying to understand it on its own terms |
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| another term for non-material culture |
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| expressions or rules of behavior, that reflect and enforce values |
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| expectations, of approval or disapproval given to ppl for upholding or violating norms |
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| a reward or positive reaction for following norms, ranging from a smile to a prize |
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| an expression of disapproval for breaking a norm, ranging from a mild, informal, reaction such as a frown to a formal reaction such as a prison sentence or an execution |
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| Edward Sapir's and Benjamin Whorf's hypothesis that language creates ways of thinking and perceiving |
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| norms that are not strictly enforced |
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| norms that are strictly enforced because they are thought essential to core values or the well-being of the group |
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| a norm so strong that it often brings revulsion if violated |
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| the values and related behaviors of a group that distinguish its members from the larger culture; a world within a world |
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| a group whose values, beliefs, and related behaviors place its members in opposition to the broader culture |
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| a society made up of many different groups |
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| values that together form a larger whole |
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values that contradict one another; to follow the one means to come into conflict with the other
ex? |
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| the ideal values and norms of a ppl; the goals held out for them |
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| the norms and values that ppl actually follow |
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| a value, norm, or other cultural trait that is found in every group |
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| term for human behavior lagging behind technological innovations |
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| the spread of cultural characteristics from one group to another |
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| the process by which cultures become similar to one another; refers especially to the process by which U.S. culture is being exported and diffused into other nations |
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