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| The way that non-material objects (thoughts, actions, language, and values) come together with material objects to form a way of life. |
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| the culture of things, including books, buildings, food, clothing, and transportation |
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| the culture of ideas, including values, symbols, customs, and ideals. |
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| anything that carries a specific meaning that is recognized by people who share a culture (example: stop signs) |
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| A symbolic system that people within a culture use to communicate; includes spoken, written, and non-verbal forms. |
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| The process by which one generation passes culture to the next |
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| the theory that a person's thoughts and actions are influenced by the language they speak and the cultural lens created by that language. |
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| cultural standards used to decide what is good or bad, right or wrong. |
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| specific ideas about what people think is true about the world |
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| rules and expectations that guide behavior within a society. |
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| informal rules of society; violating them may result in mild social sanctions, such as strange looks |
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| more official norms, often codified into laws, with more severe consequences for breaking them. |
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| behaviors that are strongly prohibited within a culture because they violate a society's moral center (example: cannibalism, incest) |
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| reactions or responses to bevaviors that either reinforce norms (positive sanctions) or punish deviant behavior (negative sanctions) |
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| the mechanisms, norms, and rules through which societies maintain order and regulate behavior. |
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| Low Culture/Popular Culture |
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| cultural haviar's and ideas that are popular with most people in society, such as mainstream movies, music, and television |
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| Cultural patterns that distinguish societies elite, often associated with fine arts, classical music, and other activities considered to be intellectually stimulating or refined |
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| Cultural patterns that are broadly in line with a societies cultural ideals and values, often considered dominant in a society |
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| A culture that actively oppose is the dominant norms and values of the mainstream society, often pushing for significant societal changes |
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| Cultural patterns that set apart a segment of societies population, often with distinct values, beliefs, and interests that differ from the mainstream culture |
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| The practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture, often with a belief in the superiority of one's own cultural practices |
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| A worldview that is centered on or biased towards Western civilization, often at the expense of other cultures histories and contributions |
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| Perspective that sinners the stream culture of African people and their descendants in the study and interpretation of history in society |
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| Perspective that recognizes cultural diversity and advocates for the equal standing in value of all cultural traditions within a society |
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| The period of time it takes for nonmaterial culture to catch up with the technological innovations, resulting in social problems or disruptions |
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| The spread of cultural traits from one Society to another, such as through trade, migration, or media influence |
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| Theoretical perspective that sees culture is providing order and cohesion in society, helping it function smoothly |
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| Theoretical perspective views culture is a source of any quality, with certain groups benefiting from cultural norms at the expense of others. |
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