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Sociology of Sport
Final Exam Review
28
Sociology
Undergraduate 2
05/02/2010

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Term
Globalization
Definition
The stretching, intensification, and acceleration of worldwide social relations.
Term
Post-Industrial Society
Definition
Industrial societies in which the tertiary sector has become more important (Relocation or manufacturing facilities-deindustrialization)(Importance of education for access to information-production jobs)
Term
5 types of Migrant Athletes
Definition
Pioneers – move to a certain area to build the sport in that area
Settlers – intend to become long-term/permanent residents where they settle
Mercenaries – Interested in the pay/money they get from moving to an area
Nomads – Want to experience “the journey” – they want to move to a number of different locations and see different places.
Returnees – Former migrant athletes, (especially) late in their career, decide to go back to their place of origin to play.
Term
Global Commodity Chains
Definition
Worldwide networks of labor processes yielding a finished product. Deals with gathering materials/resources and also how they distribute the goods from producer to consumer.
Term
Commodity Fetishism
Definition
Disassociating a commodity from how that commodity was made.
Term
International Division of Labor
Definition
When the labor used to produce a product is divided among many countries.
Term
Hybrid National Identity
Definition
When an individual has split roles because of where they are from compared to where they play their sport.
Term
Postmodernism
Definition
Attitudes, way of living, and cultural framework associated with post-industrial societies.
Term
Postmodernism; Hyper-Commercialism
Definition
Pop Culture is more prevalent then ever. The Barrier between high and low culture is becoming blurred.
Term
Postmodernism; Ascendance of the Image
Definition
Developing a very visual culture; using more symbols.
Term
Postmodernism; Nostalgia for the Past
Definition
A longing/reminiscence for the past, but especially more for the aesthetic styles people took on. (Clothing, behavior etc)
Term
Postmodernism; Depthlessness and Superficiality
Definition
Loss of the meaning and functions of old cultural roots, and only focusing on the surface.
Term
Audience Building
Definition
The process through which editors and producers actively construct audience preferences for certain media content.
Term
Carrying Capacity
Definition
Refers to the constraint on the production of media. Constraints of time or space.
Term
Gate Keeping
Definition
The process through which editors and producers make decisions about what information/events should be covered in the media. Editors and producers are the gatekeepers.
Term
Phenotypes
Definition
Physical differences between races and sexes.
Term
Genotypes
Definition
Genetic differences inherited from ones parents.
Term
Race-linked Characteristic Models
Definition
Differences in participation and performance can be explained by genetic and biophysical differences between groups.
Term
Non-concordance
Definition
Physical differences between race groups do not form together. The biggest non-concordance is between skin color and hair color.
Term
Stereotypes
Definition
Generalizations that apply a limited set of characteristics to all members of a group.
Term
Noble Savage
Definition
A concept that praises "uncivilized" humans as innately good and uncorrupted by industrialization/modernization.
Term
Encoding
Definition
Processed through which the sender of a message inserts a particular meaning into the communicative act.
Term
Decoding
Definition
Processes through which the recievers of a message interpret the act of communication.
Term
Agenda Setting
Definition
The amount in which an individual is influenced by media.
Term
Branding
Definition
Tying corporations, their logos, and/or their products to sport.
Term
Spectacular urban space, postmodern architecture
Definition
Space and Place. 3 types of places 1st is associated with the home 2nd is where one goes to work 3rd is a place we go to engage in leisure. Post Modern places are classified by aesthetic populism, ascendance of image, nostalgia, and depthlessness (superficial)
Term
Simulacrum
Definition
A copy of an original that never existed. Example A brand new baseball stadium designed to look like an older one that never existed.
Term
Components of Production
Definition
Conceptualization- post industrial society Most highly valued, most financially rewarding.
Marketing- Post industrial society Making consumers aware of the product.
Point of Sales- Post Indutrialized society Increasing more in newly industrialized countries.
Manufacture/Assembly- Newly Industrialized Societies Asia, Mexico etc.
Raw Materials- Developing societies, Least rewarding.
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