Term
| PRIMARY Phase of Socialization |
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Definition
| Ways the newborn individual is molded into a social being. |
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Term
| SECONDARY Phase of Socialization |
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Definition
| Occurs as a child is influenced by adults and peers outside the family. |
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Term
| ADULT Phase of Socialization |
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Definition
| When a person learns the norms associated with specific adult statuses. |
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Term
| Summary of Freud's theory about how a child is socialized: |
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Definition
| The personality develops in infancy as the child is forced to control bodily urges. |
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Definition
| Freud: The original, unsocialized urges arise out of it. |
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Definition
| Freud: The norms, values and feelings taught through socialization belong to it. |
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Definition
| Freud: Is one's conception of oneself in relation to others. |
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Term
| Freud's theory about the role of the same-sex parent. |
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Definition
| Freud believed that to become more attractive to the opposite-sex parent, the infant attempts to imitate the same-sex parent. |
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Term
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Definition
| Believe all behavior is learned. |
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Term
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Definition
| Demonstrated that conditioned reflexes could be developed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Showed that emotions such as fear could also be conditioned. |
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Term
| Result of children being reared in extreme isolation |
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Definition
| Lack of parental attention can result in retardation and early death. |
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Term
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Definition
| Showed that infant monkeys reared apart from other monkeys never learned how to interact with other monkeys. |
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Term
| The Debate over Genetic Influences |
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Definition
| The role of genes in shaping traits such as intelligence and sexual orientation is a subject of continual controversy. There isn't any definitive evidence that specific genes determine these aspects of human behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| Created by Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray. Attempted to show that IQ is an inherited trait that underlies inequality among different groups in the U.S. Unreliable. |
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Term
| Seven Distinct Types of Intelligence |
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Definition
| Visual/Spatial, Musical, Verbal, Logical/Mathematical, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Bodily/Kinesthetic. |
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Term
| Interpersonal Intelligence |
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Definition
| Ability to perceive other people's emotions and motivations. |
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Term
| Intrapersonal Intelligence |
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Definition
| Ability to understand one's own emotions and motivations. |
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Term
| Another term for Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence: |
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Definition
| Physical Coordination or natural athletic ability. |
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Term
| Common hypotheses of most sociological research: |
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Definition
| The social environment can unleash or stifle human potential. The social environment presents an ever-changing array of roles and expectations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Concept developed by Charles Horton Cooley. It's the reflection of our self that we think we see in the behaviors of others around us. Foundation for the view of the self as proposed by George Herbert Mead. |
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Term
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Definition
| Proposed a view of the self, inspired by Charles Horton Cooley. |
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Term
| Three stages of ability to look at social situations from the view of another person: |
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Definition
| Preparatory, Game and Play. |
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Term
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Definition
| The positive social value a person claims for her or himself by acting out socially approved attributes. Erving Goffman indentified rules of interaction whereby people seek to present this positive image of themselves. Once they have etablished an image, they seek to devend it against any possible threat that might cause them to lose it. |
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Term
| 5 Agents of Socialization: |
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Definition
| Family (primary), Schools, Religion, Peer Groups, Mass Media. |
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Term
| 3 things the roles people play during their lives can be influenced by: |
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Definition
| Changes in a society's culture, impact of new friends and occupational mobility. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ways we learn our gender identity and develop according to cultural norms of masculinity or femininity. |
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Term
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Definition
| An individual's own feeling of whether she or he is a woman or a man, a girl or a boy. |
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