rights and obligations that are normative for men and women in a perticular culture,varry widely across the universe- Wodaabe boys wear makeup and jewelry and care about appearance, women judged on strength, married by women picking which is handsomest

B/t 100-140 mill women, mostly black 

have genital mutilation, remove clitoris to eliminate sexual drive in women- very dangerous or deadly

Islamic fundamentalists throw acid onto women’s faces 

islamic girls that go to school, sometimes blinded

men and women have biologically different capacities that these form a legitimate basis for unequal treatment, reduces women's access to scarce recources, allows men to keep resources

women better with children, not schooling- women less likely to become doctor, natural result of sexism

karin martin-boy/girls learn gender normative ways of moving, using physical space, and comporting themselves

  Studied 112 preschoolers in 5 diff classrooms, and 2 diff schools, w/ 14 diff teachers,a.     Found teachers structure and impose discipline that reinforces gender differences.

   At a sleep away camp over summer: high-ranking boys attained power and popularity primarily 

babies can correctly identify themselves and others by sex- appropriate behavior

 Belief that males and females are biologically different 

Shari Dworkin- 2 yrs observing at 2 gyms

 Trainers told girls that they could lift weights w/o fear cause only men can bulk up-25% of women didnt lift cause didnt want masculine muscles-65% that did get muscle lighten wheights

everyday activities that individuals engage in to

affirm their commitment to gender roles

Teachers did nothing to stop these behaviors even when girls at physical risks, Boys actions and teachers inactions= behaviors natural aspect of masculinity and helped the boys to prove their masculinity to themselves and others

women’s hormones and men’s gender roles

Americans 16 and older- 

Women earn less $ 

 Women have different jobs b/c

unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, or other verbal or physical conduct of sexual nature; 2 froms: law- exists when employer expects sexual favors for something else, when an individual finds it impossible to do job becuase of hostile sexual climate

liberal feminists: involvement in mainstream political and professional organizations and fought for women to gain equal rights

radical feminists:through civil-rights and anti-Vietnam war movements fought for more radical social changes, public awareness to incest, domestic violence and date rape, enjoy sex, birth control

cultural expectations regarding who, where, when, why, how, and with whom one should have sex

ppl prefer sexual/romatic relationships w/ same sex

2-6% all americans, twice as high among men