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Sociology 2e CH01
An Introduction to Sociology
29
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
12/28/2021

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Term
antipositivism
Definition
The view that social researchers should strive for subjectivity as they worked to represent social processes, cultral norms, and societal values
Term
conflict theory
Definition
Looks at society as a competition for limited resources
Term
constructivism
Definition
An extension of symbolic interaction theory which proposes that reality is what humans cognitively construct it to be
Term
culture
Definition
A group's shared practices, values, and beliefs
Term
dramaturgical analysis
Definition
A technique sociologists use in whcih they view society through the metaphore of theatrical performance
Term
dynamic equilibrium
Definition
A stable in which all parts of a healthy society work together properly
Term
dysfunctions
Definition
Social patterns that have undesirable consequences for the operation of society
Term
figuration
Definition
The process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of an individual and the society that shapes that behavior
Term
function
Definition
The part a recurrent activity plays in the social life as a whole and the contribution it makes to structural continuity
Term
generalized others
Definition
The organized and generalized attitude of a social group
Term
grand theories
Definition
An attempt to explain large-scale relationships and answer fundamental questions such as why societies form and why they change
Term
hypothesis
Definition
A testable proposition
Term
macro-level
Definition
A wide-scale view of the role of social structures within a society
Term
manifest functions
Definition
Sought consequences of a social process
Term
micro-level theories
Definition
The study of specific relationships between individuals or small groups
Term
paradigmes
Definition
Philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formaulate theories, generalizations, and the experiments performed in support of them
Term
qualitative sociology
Definition
in-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data
Term
quantitative sociology
Definition
Statistical methods such as surveys with large numbers of participants
Term
reification
Definition
An error of treating an abstract concept as though it has a real, material existence
Term
significant others
Definition
Specific individuals that impact a person's life
Term
social facts
Definition
The laws, morals, values, religious beliefs, customs, fashions, rituals, and all of the cultural rules that govern social life
Term
social institutions
Definition
Patterns and beliefs and bahviors focused on meeting social needs
Term
social solidarity
Definition
The social ties that bind a group of people together such as kinship, shared location, and religion
Term
society
Definition
A group of people who live in a defined geographical area who interact with one another and who share a common culture
Term
sociological imagination
Definition
The ability to understand how your own past relates to that of other people, as well as to history in general and societal structures in particular
Term
sociology
Definition
The systematic study of society and social interaction
Term
symbolic interactionism
Definition
A theoretical perspective through which scholars examine the relationship of individuals within their society by studying their communciation (language and symbols)
Term
theory
Definition
A proposed explination about social interactions or society
Term
verstehen
Definition
A German word that means to understand in a deep way
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